背景：現今醫療發達，使呼吸器依賴患者逐年增加，臨床護理人員須具備呼吸器依賴的相關長期 照護知能，以提升患者長期照護品質。 目的：本研究旨在建構護理人員對呼吸器依賴患者長期照護知識之在職教育需求量表。 方法：本研究採橫斷式調查法。研究工具為自擬的結構式問卷，發放問卷共260 份，有效問 卷254 份，有效回收率97.69%。資料採用探索性因素分析的主軸因素分析(Principal Axis Factoring)，並以斜交轉軸的promax rotation 萃取因素。 結果：以主軸因素分析發現八個因素分別為：常見健康問題之評估與處理；呼吸器依賴患者的相 關照護需求及技巧；長期照護的相關法規及政策；醫療、社會資源運用；呼吸器依賴患者 長期照護概念；呼吸器依賴長期照護安置；呼吸器依賴患者之照護措施，以及呼吸器模式 相關概念，共解釋76.29% 變異量。 結論：本研究提出護理人員對呼吸器依賴患者長期照護知識的在職教育需求之八大因素，可做為 護理人員在職教育課程規劃之參考。

Background: Advancements in today’s medical field have resulted in a steady increase in the number of ventilator-dependent patients. Clinical nurses need to possess adequate knowledge regarding long-term care for ventilator-dependent patients in order to enhance the quality of long-term nursing care. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to construct a rating scale for measuring the needs of nurses for in-service education to enhance their knowledge regarding long-term care for ventilator-dependent patients. Methods: Self-designed structured questionnaires were used to conduct the cross-sectional survey. A total of 260 questionnaires were released, and 254 valid questionnaires were returned, registering a 97.69% return rate. Data were analyzed with exploratory factor analysis method using principal axis factoring, and factor extraction with oblique promax rotation was performed. Results: Principal axis factoring identified eight factors, including assessment and treatment of common health issues, nursing care needs for ventilator-dependent patients and the skills involved in the care of such patients, regulations and policies related to long-term care, applications of medical and social resources, concepts related to long-term care of ventilator-dependent patients, long-term care placement for ventilator-dependent patients, care measures for ventilator-dependent patients, and ventilation-related concepts, accounting for 76.29% of the variations. Conclusion: This study identified eight major factors affecting the needs of nurses for in-service education to enhance their knowledge of long-term care for ventilator-dependent patients, which might be of use to the future planning of in-service nursing education.