目的：本研究於臺北市內湖區針對具跌倒風險的社區老年人進行跌倒風險因子評估，並比較有跌倒經驗與不具跌倒經驗長者的風險因子差異。方法：本研究為觀察型橫斷性研究。對象為臺北市內湖區65歲以上且具跌倒風險的長者。研究團隊於社區招募志願參與的長者，以臺灣版福康量表(Tw-FROP-Com)作為跌倒風險因子評估工具進行評估。結果：本研究共收案400人，過去一年曾跌倒過的長者共142人(35.5%)，跌倒者的福康量表總分顯著高於未跌倒者。與跌倒相關的風險因子有：影響精神狀態藥物、罹患慢性疾病、視力未矯正、體感覺未矯正、足部問題者、大、小便失禁、及平衡不佳。依跌倒次數進行分組比較，與沒有跌倒者相較，跌倒1次和跌倒2次以上者在服用處方藥物、罹患慢性疾病、視力未矯正、體感覺未矯正、在家-步態/身體活動情形、社區-步態/身體活動情形等變項得分顯著較高。多變項羅吉斯迴歸分析結果發現僅體感覺未矯正導致生活功能受限者可能與跌倒經驗有關，統計達邊際差異(p=0.054)，其餘變項未達顯著。結論：本研究發現與跌倒相關的危險因子包括：服用影響精神藥物、罹患慢性疾病、視力未矯正與體感覺未矯正使功能受限、具足部問題、具大小便失禁、與平衡感不佳。在高齡化社會下，家屬與主要照顧者需要了解常見之長者跌倒危險因子，及早進行預防措施。

Background and purpose：To investigate the risk factors associated with falls in the elderly in Neihu district, Taipei City, and compare the difference of falling risk factor between the elderly who with or without falling down episode. Method：This is a observational and cross-sectional study, the study population is the voluntary elderly(>65 years old) with risk of falling in Neihu district of Taipei City, using the Taiwan version of Falls Risk for Older People Community setting (Tw-FROP-Com) to evaluate risk factors associated with falls. Results：This study enrolled 400 people, in which 142 participants (35.5%) experienced falling down episode in the previous one year. Scores of Tw-FROP-Com of the fallen was significantly higher than those who did not fall. Risk factors associated with falls included taking psychotropic drugs, chronic diseases, uncorrected vision, loss of somatic sensation, foot and footwear problems, incontinence, and poor balance. Comparing with those who did not fall, people who fell more than one time and those were taking prescription drugs, suffering from chronic diseases, uncorrected vision, loss of somatic sensation, and lower score of gait/physical activity. The multivariable logistic regression analysis showed marginal differences in the subjects with uncorrected somatic sensation would lead to functional disturbance in daily living (p=0.054). Conclusion：Our study revealed that the risk factors associated with falls included taking psychotropic medications, chronic diseases, uncorrected vision, loss of somatic sensation, foot and footwear problems, incontinence, and poor balance. In an aging society, family members and the primary caregiver need to understand the common risk factors for falls in the elderly, which will help us proceed early preventative measures.