猴頭菇是一種藥食兩用的真菌。它的子實體和菌絲體含有豐富的活性成分，包括多醣、萜類化合物及猴 頭素等，具有免疫調節、抗腫瘤、抗氧化、抗菌、神經保護及增強記憶力等功效。本研究之目的為利用不同 基質進行猴頭菌固態發酵，並探討發酵時間對微波萃取活性成分含量之影響。結果顯示，單一基質之粗三萜 及粗多醣在發酵第35天時達到最高，粗三萜的部分以大豆發酵產物含量最高，達2.51%，而粗多醣則是以薏仁 發酵產物含量最高，達33.47%。然而若以大豆及薏仁作為混和基質，可提前在固態發酵第14天即可同時獲得 最高的粗三萜及粗多醣含量，分別為1.77%與25.5%。猴頭菌固態發酵產物以300 W 微波萃取5 min，其隨著乙 醇濃度增加，粗多醣萃取量則減少，粗三萜要以95%乙醇萃取才能有效的萃取出來，且以猴頭菌固態發酵大 豆薏仁產物的萃取率較猴頭菇子實體高。

Hericium erinaceus is an edible and medicinal mushroom. Its fruiting bodies and mycelia exhibit various bioactive components such as polysaccharides, terpenoids, and erinacines. It has several pharmacological activities, such as immunomodulation, antitumor, antioxidant, anti-microbe, neuroprotection and enhancing memory functions. The objective of this study was to use different grain media for Hericium erinaceus solidstate fermentation and to investigate the effects of fermentation time on contents of bioactive components by microwave extraction. The results showed that the highest crude triterpenoids and polysaccharides contents in fermented products were obtained at the 35th day solid-state fermentation. The highest crude triterpenoids content of fermented product was soybean with content of 2.51%, while the highest crude polysaccharide fermented product was adlay with content of 33.47%. However, a mixed medium of soybean and adlay for Hericium erinaceus solid-state fermentation which reduced from the 35th day to the 14th day; and the crude triterpenoids and polysaccharides contents were 1.77% and 25.5%, respectively. Increasing ethanol concentration resulted less polysaccharide content, while crude triterpenoids were extracted in 95% ethanol by 5 min 300 W microwave extraction. The extraction ratio of Hericium erinaceus solid-state fermented product was higher than fruiting bodies.