本研究係以彰化縣鹿港鎮福利社區化實驗計畫中之老人與身心 障礙者服務方案爲例，旨在採社區行動研究法參與實驗計畫的推動，以對進行中的各方案進行輔導、評估與修正，也藉由對實驗計 畫的成效進行總體以及推動原則的評估。研究發現，對鹿港地區而 言，福利社區化是一個新穎的概念，且在推動過程中面臨著相當多 的難題，例如，事先規劃的不足、社區居民「由下而上」的動機與 能力缺乏、以及社區居民的參與欠佳等。然而，經一年多的推動，鹿港鎮的福利社區化也已獲得某種程度的效果，例如，社區居民和 團體對福利社區化的認知、資源網络的建立以及社區與團體意識的凝聚等；顯然，在某種程度上，實驗計畫的推動已爲日後鹿港鎮福 利社區化的發展奠定了基礎。此外，本研究也依推動過程的各種經驗，歸納出一些可供台灣地區推動福利社區化之政策與實務上的建 議。

Based on the pilot project of community-oriented welfare services (COWS), in particular programmes for elderly and disabled, at Lu-kang, Changhaw, this study aims to participate its implementation in order to guide, evaluate and rectify various programmes in process through action research method. In addition, this study also conducts a summative evaluation and evaluation for its implementation principles of the COWS. This study shows that the idea of COWS is new for Lu-Kang’s residents. Considerable difficulties have been faced during the pilot period, such as inadequate rational planning in advance, absence of motivation and ability of ‘bottom-up’ of community residents, and insufficient community participation etc. However, the pilot project, to a certain degree, has achieved some positive outcomes after one year’s intervention such as recognition of the COWS’s idea, building-up of community resource network, and consolidation of community consciousness etc. It is clear that the pilot project has already created a necessary basis for Lu-kang9s further development of COWS. In addition, according to the Lu-Kang's experiences, this study also provides some suggestions of policy and practice for carrying out the COWS in Taiwan.