A new species, Eriocaulon govindiana Sunil & Ratheesh, from marshy areas in the Wayanad wildlife Sanctuary, Kerala, India, is described and illustrated. It is morphologically most similar to E. nepalense but differs mainly in having well developed root stock, rounded and involute leaf apex, lobed limb of sheath, and usually a single hoary male petal. Information on habitat, distribution, phenology, and conservation status are provided.