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臺東大學人文學報

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篇名 從南島語系到南島奇觀:南島文化園區規劃及其文化再現之形成脈絡
卷期 6:1
並列篇名 From Austronesian Language Family to Austronesian Spectacle: The Formation of Context for the Planning and Cultural Representation of the Austronesian Cultural Park
作者 盧梅芬
頁次 035-094
關鍵字 原真性奇觀本質主義接觸地帶國族主義authenticityspectacleessentialismcontact zonenationalism
出刊日期 201606

中文摘要

南島文化園區規劃為「學術研究中心」及「主題園」兩大部 分,後者以玻里尼西亞文化中心為見賢思齊的範本,規劃「南島建 築藝術村」與「南島風情館」;但有多位學者已從依賴理論及異族 奇觀再現, 批判PCC。本文研究對象為涉及文化再現的「主題 園」。研究問題為:此主題園為什麼以PCC為正面之例?「南島語 系」此語言學的人群分類,如何被轉化為觀光場域的「南島奇觀」?本文探討該主題園的設置、規劃及其文化再現,如何受到南島文化節、民進黨執政的臺灣國族主義(從南島語系到南島民族、南島奇觀的轉變脈絡)以及史前館內部專業限制的影響,以供相關「南島」文化再現的展演活動,思考可能面臨的問題。本文分析取徑,先以奇觀與原真的他者,分析PCC的文化再現問題;再者,因南島文化園區設置於民進黨政府標榜重視多元文化的時代背景下,故分析多元文化主義涉及的文化再現問題,及其與臺灣國族主義的關係。結論提出,史前館將PCC視為正面之例,在於規劃者未將文化再現視為一重要的分析理論與需要反思的議題;而此主題園規劃及其文化再現,受觀光與國族主義影響,容易質變為本質主義與奇觀再現,反而未能彰顯南島文化的多樣性。

英文摘要

The Austronesian Cultural Park is to be divided into two main parts: ―academic research center‖ and ―theme park‖. The plan for the latter is based on the Polynesian Cultural Center (PCC) and is to include Austronesian traditional villages and Austronesian customs hall. However, the Western academic world has criticized this tourist theme park mostly based on dependency theory and spectacular representation of the Other. The research subject of this paper is the ―theme park‖ which is involved in the cultural representation. The research questions are as follows: Why is PCC considered a positive example for the planning of the theme park? How is the Austronesian language family, this linguistically-linked group, transformed into a tourist destination Austronesian spectacle? The aim of this paper is to explore the planning and its cultural representation of the theme park under the influence of the Austronesian Cultural Festival, the Taiwan nationalism of the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) administration (in the context of the transformation from Austronesian language family to Austronesian ethnic group and Austronesian spectacle) and the internal professional limitations of the National Museum of Prehistory (NMP). The purpose of this paper is to present the exhibitions and performances related to Austronesian cultural representation to reflect on potential problems and issues. The analytical approaches: the spectacular and authentic representation of the Other in PCC is first analyzed. Subsequently, as the Austronesian Cultural Park was planned during an era in which the DPP boasted of its respect for multiculturalism, the issues of cultural representation involved in multiculturalism are analyzed, as well as the relationship with Taiwan nationalism. In conclusion, the NMP views PCC as a positive example, as planners have yet to view cultural representation as an important theory or issue for reflection; and the planning and its cultural representation of the theme park, under the influence of tourism and Taiwan nationalism, may be easily morphed into cultural essentialism and the representation of spectacle, resulting in the failure to properly present the diversity of Austronesian cultures.

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