本研究探討了童話故事中隱晦與顛覆的圖像。調查結果顯示，當代藝術家從批判的角度解讀童話主題，刻意於驚嚇讀者，並提醒他們世界是破碎的，童話故事不能替代俗氣現實。諸如莎朗‧辛格，基基‧史密斯，保拉‧雷戈，米娃‧柳谷，迪娜‧戈德斯坦和辛迪‧謝爾曼等藝術家已經用顛覆感、女權主義幽默感、憤怒感和黑色幽默感改寫文學童話故事。這些藝術家的作品回應了巴赫金（1941）狂歡節怪誕圖樣的概念。無可爭議的是，這些藝術家的顛覆觀點與傳統童話表徵的規範和期望互相衝突。

This study explores the images of Darkness and Subversion in the Fairy Tale genre. The findings reveal that contemporary artists have interpreted fairy tale topics from a critical perspective, resolute in shocking readers and reminding them that the world is fractured and fairy tales offer no alternative to banal reality. Artists such as Sharon Singer, Kiki Smith, Paula Rego, Miwa Yanagi, Dina Goldstein and Cindy Sherman have revamped literary fairy tales with a sense of subversion, feminist humor, a sense of rage, and with black humor. The work of these artists echo Bakhtin’s (1941) notion of the carnivalesque-grotesque. Indisputably, the subversive views of these artists conflict with the customary norms and expectations of traditional fairy tale representations.