二戰結束後日本與中華民國之間曾發生數個重要的政治問題，「台灣人原日本兵補償問題」為代表性的問題之一。雖然戰前曾有不少台灣人投身日本軍旅，但因日本投降時放棄對臺灣的一切權利，致使他們喪失日本國籍，無法得到補償。負責推動「台灣人原日本兵賠償問題」的中心人物為自由民主黨衆議院議員有馬元治，由於他與臺灣的關係深厚，同情台灣人原日本兵，1970年代中期到80年代後期透過他的斡旋，使得此問題得到解決。本論文以有馬元治爲中心展開討論，釐清有關「台灣人原日本兵補償問題」法案的成立過程，並探討日本與中華民國之間政治問題解決的結構。

After the WWII, there are several political issues between Japanese government and R.O.C government. One of the most representative case is “the reparation problem of Taiwanese veterans of originally the Japanese military.” Before the WWII, lots of Taiwanese people joined the Japanese military, after WWII the surrender of Japan made the Japanese government gave up all its rights in Taiwan. This made the Taiwanese soldiers lost their Japanese citizenship, and without any reparation. The core person who response “the reparation problem of Taiwanese veterans of originally the Japanese military” is the member of House of Representatives from Liberal Democratic Party of Japan, Motoharu Arima. Because the relationship between he and Taiwan is deep, he sympathize the Taiwanese veterans. By his mediate between mid 1970s to late 80s, the problem was solved in a certain degree. This research using Motoharu Arima as the core of the discussion, clarified the set up process of “the reparation problem of Taiwanese veterans of originally the Japanese military” regulation, and discusses the structure of solution of political issue between Japan and R.O.C government.