校長的角色，與學校組織氣氛之營造、組織文化之形塑及組織效能之提升息息相關。尤其，面對快速的社會變遷、實驗教育的實施與課程改革，校長更應體認本身角色之重要性。基於此，本文主要在分析我國中小學校長推動學校發展所面臨之挑戰，並嘗試提出應有之前瞻作為。首先，分析我國實驗教育的實施以及新課綱的推動對中小學校長角色的影響；其次，則分析學校發展所面臨的挑戰；再者，則提出中小學校長在推動學校發展之前瞻作為，期能作為主管教育行政機關及中小學校長在提升教育品質上之參考。

The role of principals is closely related to the organizational climate, organizational culture and organizational effectiveness. Especially it is necessary for principals to recognize their importance due to the implementation of experimental education and curriculum reform. There are three parts in this paper. Firstly, the impact for principals when facing the implementation of experimental education and curriculum reform was analyzed. Secondly, the challenges of principals’ leadership were discussed. Finally, prospective strategies for principals’ leadership were proposed.