隨著全球化的發展，傳統以單一國家為主體的世界觀和風險管理思維逐漸受到挑戰，特別是以國家為主所提出的災害防救措施，過度強調「依法行政」與平等原則，在緊急災害發生時反而制約地方政府的行動，降低策略的有效性。因此，政府與民間、中央與地方之間的關係被認為有重新檢討之必要。日本災害防救的發展也受到上述整體結構變化的影響，在阪神大地震之後不得不重新檢討中央集權的垂直救災運作模式，並開始重視橫向的水平資源整合。本研究發現，從全國層次來看，日本的災害相互支援協定並非是無秩序、混亂的，而是有自治體規模、空間距離和時間法則可遵循。阪神大地震前，日本政府所打造的是一個「由上到下」的垂直型防災社會，之後則逐漸朝向輔以地方自治體的「水平協力網絡」方向發展，而東日本大地震之後，則積極強化基層防救災能力，鼓勵民眾、企業參與防災活動，並充實避難設施，試圖建構水平減災協力社會。此外，如欲借鏡日本經驗，垂直互補、水平互補以及民間力量的內化則是我國在建構減災協力治理網絡時可以參考之要素。

Traditionally, nation is the major enforcement and key element in risk management. However, this point of view has gradually been challenged during globalization. Over emphasizing rule of law and egalitarianism during disasters has restricted the effectiveness of local government policies and strategies. Therefore, it is essential to review the relationship between public and private sectors and central and local governments. After the Great Hanshin earthquake, the traditional vertical (top-down) disaster rescue operation model implemented by the central government was strictly criticized. This has deeply influenced the Japanese disaster prevention structure. Since then, government began to pay more attention to the horizontal mode of resource integration. This study found that, from the national level, Japan’s Disaster Mutual Aid Agreement is autonomous, and comply with space and time, rather than a chaotic mess. Prior to the Great Hanshin earthquake, the Japanese government has established a “top-down” disaster prevention system. After the earthquake, management turned to a “horizontal partnership” with local governments. After the Tohoku earthquake, the Japanese government strengthened its local disaster management ability, and encouraged the public and private sector to participate in disaster prevention activities. The government also increased refuge facilities, aiming to establish the horizontal disaster partnership. In addition, when establishing disaster mitigation partnership network at Taiwan, we can take Japan’s experience as an example on how to integrate the resources vertically, horizontally and collaborate with the abilities of the local community.