對於萊布尼茲著名的「預定和諧」哲學理論，批評者自此一理論提出以來，就將它冠上一用神秘方式來說明實在的惡名；而對他思想當中的諸多細節，也經常譏諷其為含混不清，甚至是自相矛盾。本文擬以視角主義為切入點，重新對這一哲學思想的可能理據加以探討。首先我們要整理的是萊布尼茲哲學中的實體觀念，在當代的歷史詮釋中面臨了什麼樣的難題；其次要說明的是我們如何可從視角主義的切入點，清楚理解萊布尼茲的實體觀念，且甚至對意志自由的問題，也能有一更合適的說明；接著我們特別要將這一萊布尼茲的視角主義與建立於主觀判準上的相對主義做出區分；最後要簡單指出的是這一透過視角變換原則來進行的哲學論述，如何能對當時流行的笛卡兒形上學再度進行革新與改造。

For Leibniz's famous philosophical theory of “pre-established harmony", the critics have since then blamed it to use a mysterious way to illustrate the reality; many of the details of his thought are also often ridiculed by critics as ambiguous, and even contradictory. This paper intends to explore the possible ground of his philosophical thought with perspectivism as the starting point. Firstly, we sort out the problems of contemporary interpretation to illustrate Leibniz’s understanding of substance; secondly, we explain how we can through perspectivism to have a clear understanding of Leibniz’s concept of substance, and even for the question of free will, we can thereby get a more appropriate understanding; thirdly, concerning that perspectivism may be confused with relativism, we will clarify the difference between Leibniz’s perspectivism and relativism; Finally, we point out how Leibniz’s philosophy using the principle of perspective change can renew the Cartesian metaphysics, which is most popular in his time.