本研究實施問卷調查，以瞭解經濟弱勢學生在目標設定、認知負荷與學習意志力的現況及其與非 經濟弱勢者的差異，並探討目標設定與認知負荷對學習意志力的關係。本研究依各區分層取樣， 回收問卷經濟弱勢學生208 份及非經濟弱勢學生1965 份。研究發現一些重要結論，首先，經濟 弱勢學生在目標接受與目標承諾層面，呈現較低的目標設定。其次，經濟弱勢學生在心智負荷與 時間負荷層面，具有較高的認知負荷。第三，經濟弱勢學生在意識注意控制與內隱注意控制層面， 顯現較低的學習意志力。最後，目標設定與認知負荷，對學習意志力具顯著影響，且目標設定還 會經由認知負荷間接影響學習意志力。

This study used questionnaires to analyze the differences of goal setting, cognitive load, and volition in learning between financially disadvantaged students and non- financially disadvantaged students. The goal was to investigate the relationships among goal setting, cognitive load, and volition in learning. 208 questionnaires from financially disadvantaged students and 1965 questionnaires from non-financially disadvantaged students were collected. Several important results were found. First, financially disadvantaged students showed lower goal setting than non-financially disadvantaged students. Second, financially disadvantaged students showed significantly higher mental load and time load than non-financially disadvantaged students. Third, financially disadvantaged students’ volition in learning was significantly lower than non-financially disadvantaged students. Finally, students’ goal setting and cognitive load had significant effect on their volition in learning.