Background: Over the last few decades, an increasing number of studies have examined quality of life in patients with chronic schizophrenia. However, little research has addressed the relationship between lifestyles that promote health and quality of life issues in these patients. Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between lifestyles that promote health and quality of life in patients with chronic schizophrenia. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was used. The study was conducted at 10 hospital-based psychiatric rehabilitation units in northern Taiwan. In total, 357 participants completed the World Health Organization Quality of LifeYBREF and the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile. This study examined the relationships among the six domains of the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile and the four domains of the Quality of LifeYBREF using canonical correlation analysis. Data collection occurred between April 2013 and April 2014. Results: The results of the canonical correlation analysis showed that the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile domains of nutrition, health responsibility, self-actualization, interpersonal support, exercise, and stress management were significantly related to the Quality of LifeYBREF results, specifically in the physical, psychological, and social relationships and environment domains. Two canonical correlations were identified (the canonical correlation coefficients were .622 and .317), which showed that 38.6% of the variance in lifestyles that promote health and quality of life was shared. Conclusions/Implications for Practice: The results of this study may be useful to practitioners who are responsible for lifestyles that promote health and quality of life issues in patients with chronic schizophrenia.