孟子與莊子雖然分屬不同的學派，但兩者不僅身處同一時代，而且生與死是兩者哲學的重要內涵。他們分別從生與死的思考中演繹出極深刻而獨特的人生理想，成為先秦各擅勝場的兩大思想主流。兩者相互輝映的成就，見證了人類文化史上燦爛奪目的一頁，而這一頁也守護著全人類的靈命，使人得以實現人之所以為人的本質。但孟子與莊子的生死觀不盡相同，本文旨在以平行撰寫的方式，透顯這兩位哲學家生死觀的實質意義，並釐清兩者的異同及可融通之處，確切地掌握他們的思想，及其對中國文化的特徵所具有的關鍵意義，以對他們的比較研究有更廣闊的視域和空間，且在領悟其生死觀時，能有類似崇高的人生體驗。

Although Mencius and Zhuangzi belonged to different schools, both of them lived in the same era and their most important content of philosophy are life and death. They deducted an ideal for life which was very profound and unique through the thought of life and death and so their view of life and death naturally became two mainstreams in pre-Qin. Their outstanding achievement witnessed a splendid page in the history of human civilization. This page not only guarded the souls of all human beings but also made them achieved the substance of why man became man. Their view of life and death is not the same. In order to capture the thought of Mencius and Zhuangzi wholly the paper aims at expounding the material meaning of their view of life and death as well as to clarify differences and sameness of them. Besides, it explains why their views had held the key meaning for the characteristic of Chinese culture. And it might help us to maintain a broader perspective while we make a comparative study between them. When we comprehend their view of life and death we should have similar lofty experience of life.