篇名 | 新自由制度主義視角下的新加坡潛艇安全合作政策 |
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卷期 | 112 |
並列篇名 | The Singapore Submarine Security Cooperation Policy from the Perspective of Neo-Liberal Institutionalism |
作者 | 劉至祥 |
頁次 | 129-158 |
關鍵字 | 南海潛艦 、 潛艦安全資訊網 、 水下意外相遇規則 、 新加坡潛艦 、 資 訊匯流中心 、 Submarine in the South China Sea 、 Submarine Safety Information Portal 、 the Underwater Code for Unplanned Encounters at Sea 、 Singapore submarine 、 Information Fusion Centre |
出刊日期 | 201806 |
對新加坡而言,海事安全攸關國家興衰。當前南海區域潛艦蓬勃發展,推動潛艦安全發展是新加坡必須認真思考的戰略規劃與政策議題,研究目的在於藉由瞭解新加坡推動潛艦安全合作政策之背後動因、機制以及具體運作,可作為小型國家形塑國際規範之參考。本文係由新自由制度主義視角切入,觀察新加坡透過東南亞區域潛艦安全合作機制之政策推展,降低潛艇增加所產生的安全風險。研究發現新加坡對於潛艇安全的實際運作,策略採取運用科技整合提供公共財-海事資訊於璋宜基地之資訊匯流中心,建立世界首創之潛艇安全資訊網,呼籲非機敏資訊共享並倡議擴大適用海上意外相遇規範,討論草擬「水下意外相遇規則」,舉辦不同形式多邊國家潛艦安全會議研討與實際演習,各國基於絕對獲益之考量,有助於形塑潛艦安全合作之初步規範。從實質成效來看,新加坡推展潛艦安全合作僅在議題設定有初步的成果,無重大潛艦國際衝突事故下,未來或可建立無法律拘束力之國際合作架構。然而,合作機制仰賴成員國對於制度規範的自願順從,對於新加坡推展潛艦安全合作發展,將面臨極大的挑戰。
For Singapore, maritime safety is a matter of national prosperity. At present, the submarine development in the South China Sea region is booming, and the development of submarine security is the strategic planning and policy issue that Singapore must seriously consider. The purpose of the study is to understand the motivations, mechanisms, and specific operations behind Singapore’s policy of promoting submarine security cooperation. This can be used as a reference for small countries to shape international norms. This article is based on the perspective of neo-liberal institutionalism. It observes the promotion of Singapore's submarine security cooperation mechanism through Southeast Asia and reduces the security risks arising from the increase of submarines. The study finds that Singapore’s strategy for the actual operation of submarine security is to use technology to provide public finance - maritime information to Changi Base's information convergence center, establish the world’s first submarine safety information network, and call for non-agile information sharing and propose to expand the applicable marine accidents. Meeting the norms, discussing the drafting of the “Underwater accidents encountering rule”, and organizing seminars and practical exercises for different forms of multilateral national submarine safety meetings, countries’ consideration of absolute benefit has helped shape the preliminary specification of submarine safety cooperation. Judging from the substantive effects, Singapore’s promotion of submarine safety cooperation only has preliminary results in setting the issues. Without major submarine international conflict accidents, an international cooperation framework without legal constraints may be established in the future. However, the cooperation mechanism relies on the voluntary obedience of the member states for the regulation of the system, and will face great challenges for Singapore to promote the development of submarine security cooperation.