臨床實習是護理教育中學生能力養成最重要的一環。在短短的幾週實習過程，如何協助學生適應臨床情境達到預期實習目標，對臨床教師是一大挑戰。應用適當的學習理論於臨床教學可協助教師理解學生獲得、組織和應用知識技能的方式，做為教學計畫規劃的依據，以達預期目標。本文以認知學徒制做為理論架構，分享作者應用此理論於五專基本護理學臨床實習之教學經驗，說明其理論組成、執行流程步驟、教學策略應用和學生學習成果評值做為臨床教學之參考。

Clinical practicum is essential in development of clinical competencies for nursing students in nursing education. Within a few weeks of clinical practicum, to help students to adapt to clinical environment and achieve educational goals is a great challenge for clinical instructors. Application of appropriate learning theories to clinical teaching may help teachers explain how the students acquire, organize and apply knowledge and skills, and use the information for planning teaching plan, in order to achieve the desired goals. In this paper, the author would like to share the experience of using theory of cognitive apprenticeship in supervising fundamentals of nursing practicum of nursing students in a five-year junior college. Components of the theory, steps of applying the theory, application of teaching strategies, and students learning outcome will also be elaborated.