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篇名 從單國璽的「第七倫」論教宗若望保祿二世所示警之「惡的意識形態」:以天主教社會訓導為中心
卷期 45:8=531
並列篇名 Exploration of the Pope John Paul II’s “Evil Ideology” from the “The Seventh God Relationship” of Shan Kuo-Hsi: Centering on the Social Doctrine of the Catholic Church
作者 林湘義
頁次 069-088
關鍵字 天主教社會訓導單國璽樞機主教第七倫教宗若望保祿二世惡的意識形態The Social Doctrine of the Catholic ChurchCardinal Paul Shan Kuo-HsiThe Seventh God RelationshipPope John Paul IIEvil IdeologyA&HCI
出刊日期 201808

中文摘要

教宗若望保祿二世所指出發軔於歐洲哲學之「惡的意識形態」否定創造萬事萬物的造物主天主,拒絕接受天主是無始無終自有自存者,而將天主貶抑為人思想中關於神的概念,或是僅存在人的意識範疇內,在此情況下,人否認天主是善惡的最終決斷者,人僭越天主自行決定何者為善、何者為惡,此「惡的意識形態」開創人走向惡的毀滅途徑。 而單國璽樞機主教在華人社會能理解之「五倫」、「六倫」的內涵上,進一步闡述並提倡其敬天「第七倫」的主張,並且在2001年首次當作送給臺灣政府與社會的禮物沒有被接受後,在2009年又將此禮物再送了一次,在《活出愛》的作者序中,單國璽語重心長地強調這是他想為朋友們留下的告別禮物。 單國璽從儒家之「天生蒸民,有物有則」中「上天」的思想,以及文化傳統中的「有神觀念」入手,強調並推動「第七倫」,希望將完全自有自存的天主以及天主的道德律之信念,藉由對敬天「第七倫」的提倡,介紹給華人社會,此思想對立於自笛卡兒(René Descartes)以來將天主貶為人的思想產物之「惡的意識形態」的指稱,實深具非凡意義,只要單國璽所提出並一再強調的「第七倫」能被接受並真正落實,則必能讓前此「惡的意識形態」觀點消融不存。 其實,單國璽提倡的「第七倫」與教宗若望保祿二世所示警之「惡的意識形態」是一體之二面,人能接受並落實敬天的「第七倫」,自然就能消弭「惡的意識形態」,若人摒棄「第七倫」而恣意妄為,人便是接受拒絕且否定天主之「惡的意識形態」,因此,在以教會社會訓導為探討中心的途徑下,透過對「第七倫」和「惡的意識形態」的深入分析,不但能讓我們深刻體認當前人類的政治、經濟、社會、文化等領域所面對的問題挑戰,而且能幫助我們思考解決此危機的方法,並且,我們也能經由此探討途徑明瞭,只有確實遵循與實踐單國璽的敬天「第七倫」,方是解決兩岸華人社會亂象與危機的正本清源之道。

英文摘要

The Pope John Paul II pointed out that the “evil ideology” launched in European philosophy negates the creation of all things, where in it rejects the idea that God is a self-existent person with neither beginning nor end and God, instead of this, it builds a concept of belittling God in the mind of a human being or only in the category of consciousness of human beings. Under this circumstance, people do not recognize God as the ultimate determinate of good and evil, with which people will do the same and this was a route of “evil ideology” that created a way for people to be evil. In the connotation of the Cardinal Paul Shan Kuo-Hsi, who can understand “the Five Cardinal Relationships” and “the Six Cardinal Relationships” by Chinese community, he further elaborated and advocated his claim of respecting “the Seventh God Relationship”, and after the rejection of being first given to the Taiwan government as gift in 2001, he gave the same gift again in 2009. In the author’s preface to “Living Out of Love” the Cardinal Paul Shan Kuo-Hsi emphases seriously that this was a farewell gift he wanted to leave for his friends. The Cardinal Paul Shan Kuo-Hsi started all with the idea of “God” in the Confucianism’s “born in people with things and rules” and the “concept of existence of God” in cultural traditions. It emphasizes and promotes “the Seventh God Relationship” and hopes that it will introduce the belief in the moral law of God and God’s rule of morality to the Chinese community through the advocacy of Heaven’s “the Seventh God Relationship”, where it is opposite to the reference of belittling the Heaven as the “evil consciousness” of the thought product of human beings since the time of Descartes with significance. As long as “the Seventh God Relationship” proposed and focused by the Cardinal Paul Shan Kuo-Hsi, can be accepted and truly implemented, the previous “evil ideological” view will disappear. In fact, “the Seventh God Relationship” advocated by the Cardinal and the “evil ideology” shown by the Pope John Paul II are one of the two sides. People can accept and implement “the Seventh God Relationship” that respects the God. Naturally, who can eliminate the “evil ideology”. If one renounces “the Seventh God Relationship” and willfully degenerates, one is obsessed with refusal and denies God’s “evil ideology”. Therefore, in the centered church’s social instruction, with the in-depth analysis of “the Seventh God Relationship” and “evil ideology”, we can not only profoundly recognize the threats and challenges facing humanity in the political, economic, social, and cultural fields, but also help think the ways of resolving this crisis, and we can also explore ways to understand all. Only by truly adhering to and practicing the Cardinal’s “the Seventh God Relationship” that respects the God, it is the real solution to the chaos and crisis of the cross-strait Chinese people.

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