天主教的正義觀不同於世俗正義理論，教會認為，它是與仁愛、真理、自由並列的四個社會基本價值之一，既指對法律制度的遵守，也指一種宗教德行；它和社會訓導的四大原則具有內在關係，原則促成正義的實現，而遵守原則是正義的要求；它只有在仁愛中才能圓滿實現，但世俗正義觀往往只有程序正義，缺少了仁愛等更為優先的美德來做保證。本文在論述了教會正義觀的豐富內涵之後，結合中國地方教會的實踐和社會現實，對教會的正義觀在中國社會兩個層面（為教會和為社會的）的落實方式和未來預期進行了討論。本文認為，雖然天主教社會訓導所宣導的正義觀對中國社會具有極大的啟發價值，但也需要教會和信徒的專業化能力，將教義原則在世俗領域現實化，並對教會已有的實踐給予指導。

The Catholic Social Teaching on justice is different from the secular justice theories, which emphasizes much more on the procedural justice. The Catholic Church takes justice as one of the four basic social virtues, and it is not only a juridical concept, but also a religious virtue. There is an inner connection between justice and the four principles of Catholic Social Teachings: the principles promote justice to become reality, and justice requests the principles to be followed. Furthermore, the Church emphasizes that justice can only be fully fulfilled in and with love and charity. After expounding the rich meaning of Catholic teaching on justice, the discuss focuses on the justice practice by the Catholic Church in China, and suggests the professional competence is needed to apply the Catholic teaching on justice into the ecclesiastic praxis and Chinese secular society, as it would enlighten and supplement to the already value in China.