過去十多年社群媒體快速興起，深深影響媒體產業的新聞工作者態度 與行為。本文探討西方新聞專業主義概念在台灣形成過程，以及近年來的 轉變。西方新聞專業主義奠基於西方民主社會的新聞自由和言論自由基礎， 成為全球最常援引的專業概念，但是台灣受到政治和經濟力的交互滲透， 影響媒體專業的穩定發展，因此有探討必要。本文先描繪新聞專業主義引 入台灣的初始概念，接著以西方新聞自律與自主為主軸，討論台灣新聞工 作者的環境如何形塑不同的專業經驗，並導致專業實踐薄弱的原因。最後 探討過去二十年間，新聞環境的劇烈變化，造成媒體大量裁員、記者社會 角色改變，及專業價值消退。本研究發現，古典哲學除了孕育專業倫理概 念，卻忽略「道德勇氣」在專業價值的重要性。本文最後建議在重建新聞 專業理論與概念時，應納入西方近年主張的「專業勇氣」，探討哪些專業觀 點仍需堅守和新增，採取開放態度，克服當下科技帶來的挑戰，重塑危機 中的專業概念。

This article attempts to examine the conceptual change of journalistic professionalism in Western society. Then the author explores the elusive concept of journalistic professionalism in Taiwan and how it evolves in this highly competitive media environment. The paper argues that the western professional journalism was founded on the premise of freedom of the press and freedom of expression. The paper looks into the issues and challenges to media professionalism brought by the political interferences from both press-party parallelism rule. The paper argues that the introduction and adoption of professional journalism varies in different historic context in Taiwan because the freedom of the press has a blurred boundary. Taiwan still faces many difficulties in its adoption of media professionalism. Ethicist Sandra Borden has developed a normative theory of journalism as practice based on virtue ethics and relying on courage as one of the sustaining virtues in the normative endeavor. Aristotle and Confucius both said that courage was a kind of knowledge. This conceptualization of professional courage can be at the core of news work as it is defined in the field of virtue ethics. Such actions can be journalists who see themselves and their profession as fundamentally connected the creation of a better society that enables individuals and communities to flourish. Journalists and journalism are clearly included in this effort.