本研究以電訪及與宣導執行利害相關者深訪方式，探討藥癮愛滋減害計畫在台灣推動時之在地實踐挑戰。研究結果顯示多數人對議題認知與支持度不高，影響支持清潔針具與替代療法計畫的因素亦不盡相同，但有近半民眾認為藥癮愛滋感染者是病人，另有約三分之一認為他們是受害者，顯示民眾並非如部分深談對象臆測中的閉塞保守。本研究進一步提出宣導與評價時宜有的考量與建議，呼籲利害相關單位不宜自我設限，低估民眾對減害內容的接受度。

This study explored the challenges faced by people engaged in the HIV/ AIDS Harm Reduction Program in Taiwan. This study used a nationwide telephone survey of the adult population and in-depth interviews with the stakeholders implementing the program. Survey results show that perceptions of the program were poor and that very few people supported it. Factors influencing support for drug substitution treatments and needlesyringe programming, varied. Nevertheless, nearly half of the survey respondents defined injecting drug users (IDU) with HIV/AIDS as patients and approximately one third defined them as victims. These results reveal an empathetic attitude and contradict the opinion of certain interviewees who described the Taiwanese public as conservative and narrow-minded. The study suggests an improvement to campaign implementation and evaluation strategies, and urges decision-makers not to underestimate the capacity of the Taiwanese public to accept Harm Reduction Program.