雷害對電網供電穩定衝擊甚鉅，嚴重時可能會造成停電，甚至是電力設備現場操作 人員的工安問題，因此電力公司基於系統穩定供電職責與使命下，戮力於夏日雷害的避 雷及防雷之改善措施，惟因雷擊特性難以掌握，常造成變電所避雷器、招弧角等避雷設 備重複投資且過度安裝。 因此本文旨在探討雷擊之形成及其突波特性，同時應用電磁暫態程式ATP-EMTP 依數據建立一161kV 輸電線路連接至變電所變壓器模型，模型建構包含電纜及架空線 路，並模擬在不同設備終端安裝避雷器，利用電腦程式分析雷電流對各終端設備之影響 及突入電流抑制狀況。最後依實際收集數據分析目前避雷器安裝位置，比對模擬結果來 判斷避雷器是否重複投資以及最大效益安裝點，本文經由模擬結果發現線路出口端安裝 避雷器為必要，否則將可能導致開關設備承受異常過電流而受損；安裝串聯電抗器可明 顯抑制雷擊突波；在變電所內架空線與地下電纜混接之系統，地下電纜兩端裝設避雷器 可有效抑制雷擊突波壓升現象；考慮電纜與變壓器之保護，避雷器安裝應以變壓器側為 最具效益之安裝點。

Lightning is one of critical concerns in the operation of electric power transmission and distribution systems. It is well known that the lightning strikes may cause the power system outage and even pose hazards to utility personnel. Hence, in this paper an ATP-EMTP (Alternative Transient Program-Electromagnetic Transient Program) model for evaluation of lighting strike on a 161 kV transmission line is developed. In the study, lightning arresters are installed at different equipment terminals to analyze the effect of lightning current on each terminal equipment and the suppression status of inrush current. Beside, according to the actual data of the system operation, the current installation location of the arrester is analyzed and compared with the simulation results to determine whether the arrester is a repetitive investment and the maximum efficiency installation point. Different test cases have been carried out for the study considered. The simulation results show that: (1) the lightning strikes may cause the switchgear to withstand abnormal overcurrent and be damaged. It is necessary to install arresters at the downstream end of the transmission line in the substation. (2) Installation of a series reactor can significantly suppress the lightning surge. (3) Within the substation overhead line and underground cable mixed system, installing underground lightning arrester on both ends can effectively reduce the lightning surge voltage. (4) Consider the protection of cables and transformers, the best place of lightning arrester installation should be near the transformer.