全球的衛生醫療保健支出逐年上漲，各國開始針對「無效率照護」、「過度使用醫療資 源」等議題進行討論，因此「低價值醫療」（Low-value care）一詞逐漸備受重視。低價值醫療 可能導致醫療費用上升、病人身體與心理傷害、壓縮高價值的醫療服務資源供給，更甚者可能 造成醫源性傷害（Iatrogenic harm）的發生，因此若減少低價值醫療的利用，能減少不必要的 治療與後續相關醫療費用支出。本研究整理低價值醫療議題的發展脈絡，接著釐清造成低價值醫 療在「臨床人員」、「病患」以及「醫療體系」三個不同面向的因素，同時探討低價值醫療對於 病患及醫院端的影響，最後整理出近年來各國低價值醫療利用現況、政策介入與改善情形，進一 步探討台灣未來針對低價值醫療可以改善的方向與目標。

The rising cost of health care has raised concerns about the provision of “ineffective care,” “inefficient care,” and “unwanted care” in many countries. “Low-value care” has received attention because it can increase the cost of health care, cause physical and mental harm to patients, including iatrogenic harm, and reduce the availability of high-value health care services. Efforts to reduce the prevalence of low-value care can, therefore, reduce the incidence of unnecessary treatments and their accompanying costs. This paper reviews the contexts in which low-value care occurs and investigates the manner in which clinicians, patients, and health care systems contribute to the prevalence of low-value care. This paper also discusses the effect of low-value care on patients and health care providers. Finally, we summarize the current status of policies and interventions aimed to curb the provision of low-value care in several countries to illuminate potential targets for policy interventions and solutions to reduce the provision of lowvalue care in Taiwan. (Taiwan J Public Health.