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臺東大學人文學報

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篇名 從生態女性主義觀點談原住民族傳統知識與習慣
卷期 7:1
並列篇名 Indigenous Peoples’ Traditional Knowledge and Ecofeminism
作者 謝若蘭吳慧馨
頁次 073-098
關鍵字 生態女性主義傳統知識習慣法原住民族集體權EcofeminismTraditional KnowledgeCustomary LawIndigenous PeoplesCollective Rights
出刊日期 201706

中文摘要

當談及國家法律的知識系統,一般而言是先由整體的「認識論」概念說起,再切入主流知識體系中下的解釋觀點。然而這種「知識體系」往往是以西方、男性為主體所發展而成,因而在知識生產的體系過程慣性地忽略了某些群體,包含女性與原住民。就傳統慣習的重要性來看,如果忽略了「性別」觀點,就幾乎是等同於在整個法體制中漠視了「傳統習慣」以及「原住民族」的觀點與價值。原住民族婦女一直以來被視為家族的守護者,關切身、心、靈、情緒的健康、是信仰教誨和儀式的領袖,更是生態體系中的靈魂。本文從生態女性主義觀點探討原住民族傳統習慣,試圖以女性智慧與傳統習慣價值探討反思當代台灣部落經驗。透過闡釋性別在傳統規範下的角色,討論原住民族傳統知識對於建構當代原住民知識的重要性。

英文摘要

When we speak of the knowledge system of the state law, we typically start from a conception of the holistic epistemology and then move onto mainstream knowledge system. However, such ‘knowledge systems’ are often dominated by the western and male subjective experience, the result of which is the habitual ignorance of certain perspectives, female and indigenous included. From the point of the importance of traditional habitus, if the gender perspect ive is overlooked, it is the equivalent of neglecting the perspectives and values of traditional custom and indigenous peoples of the legal system. Indigenous women have always been regarded as keeper of the home, concerned with body, mind, spiritual and emotional health, leaders of faith and rituals, and also the souls of eco-systems. From the point of view of ecofeminism, different social economy and cultural traditions have different social patterns for biologically different groups, consequently, so are the knowledge systems they develop. Traditional knowledge is connected to the collective memory of tribal communities, it cannot depart from its own cultural matrix, therefore, the reconstruction of the cultural memories plays a vital role in the regeneration of knowledge so that the livelihood of culture and the practice of traditional knowledge can be carried out in contemporary settings. This article addresses indigenous habitus via the lens of ecofeminism, attempts to address how through the effect of colonialism female wisdom and traditional habitus values have vanished and reflect on the tribal experiences in Taiwan.

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