行政院為提升並健全臺灣面對氣候變遷的調適能力，分別於101年及103年核定《國家氣候變遷調適政策綱領》與「國家氣候變遷調適行動計畫(102-106年)」。另外，環保署依104年核定的《溫室氣體減量及管理法》擬訂《國家因應氣候變遷行動綱領》。依據上述綱領，運輸設施屬於維生基礎設施，調適目標為提升其因應氣候變遷之調適能力。在運輸設施中，鐵公路系統為重要維生基礎設施，對於國家經濟發展及民眾生活影響甚鉅。因氣候變遷衝擊日漸加劇，鐵公路系統受影響的風險不斷升高，設施調適能力之提升至關重要。基於上述背景，本研究首先回顧國內外在鐵公路因應氣候變遷調適上之專注重點，其次，透過鐵公路風險地圖辨識高風險鐵公路路段特性，進而訪談鐵公路管理機關了解其當前與未來規劃之調適作為，綜合上述資訊，分析與辨識調適缺口並研擬調適行動方案建議。研究成果可作為鐵公路研擬調適行動方案之參考。

In order to strengthen Taiwan’s adaptation capability, the Executive Yuan ratified “The Adaptation Strategies to Climate Change in Taiwan” and “The National Adaptation Action Plan to Climate Change (2013-2017)” in 2012 and 2014 respectively. In addition, the Environmental Protection Administration formulated “The National Climate Change Action Guidelines” in response to “The Greenhouse Gas Reduction and Management Action” promulgated in 2015. Under the “Guidelines”, transportation infrastructures are classified as critical infrastructures. Among the transportation infrastructures, the railway and highway systems are essential systems for the nation’s economy and people's everyday life, and it is important to ensure their resilience to climate change. This research reviewed national and international adaptation strategies, used the risk map to identify risk hotspots and interviewed railway and highway administration about their current and future adaptation measures to address adaptation issues and suggested adaptation action plan accordingly. The suggested actions plans act as reference for highway and railway administrations in drafting their adaptation action plans.