研究背景：情境記憶測驗（Contextual Memory Test, CMT)是職能治療經常用 以量測認知障礙者記憶與後設記憶能力之評估工具。本研究欲改善情境記憶測驗 中圖像之文化適應性，獲得符合台灣文化的測試圖像，進以發展適合台灣人使用 的版本。研究目的為（1)發展或修改CMT圖像，以符合台灣之文化適應性；（2) 瞭解認知障礙者對於新版本CMT圖像的辨識表現。 方法：本研究包含三個試驗，試驗一圖像理解測驗和試驗二圖像辨識測驗以 正常成人為對象，試驗三之圖像辨識測驗則以認知障礙者為對象。並以變異數分 析法和費雪爾最小顯著差異法進行資料分析。 結果：針對正常人之研究所獲得之結果，早晨版的刮鬍刀、毛巾、咖啡杯、梳 子和餐廳版本的花瓶、叉子、咖啡杯和盤子等8個圖像獲得保留，早晨版本中的 體香膏物件改成眼鏡，餐廳版本中的收銀機物件改成筷子，其餘30個圖像被新繪 製的圖像取代，圖片辨識率皆高於90%。認知障礙者的表現，新版的圖像辨識能 力（最低辨識率40%)皆高於舊版（最低辨識率0%)，辨識率微幅改善者為餐廳 版本中的服務生、糖包、和菜單三項物件（皆由0-20%進步到40%)。 討論：基於台灣受試者對於圖片辨識率之提升，本研究結果所獲得的CMT新 版圖像可符合台灣之文化適應性。

Background: The Contextual Memory Test (CMT) measures aspects of memory and metamemory of people with cognitive impairments. It is important to improve cultural suitability of the CMT and develop pictograms for users in Taiwan. The purposes of this study were (1) to develop and refine appropriate pictograms and objects to address the issue of cultural suitability for people in Taiwan, and (2) to understand the recognition performance of the new versions of the pictograms for people with cognitive impairments. Methods: Three tests were designed, including a pictogram comprehension test for healthy adults, a pictogram recognition test for healthy adults, and a pictogram recognition test for people with cognitive impairments. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Fisher's least significant difference test (LSD test) were used. Results: For healthy adults, the results indicated that 8 pictograms (razor, towel, coffee cup, and comb in the Morning version and flowers, fork, coffee cup, and plate in the Restaurant version) should be retained; the objects represented by two pictograms (deodorant and cash register) should be changed; and another 30 pictograms should be replaced with the modified versions. For example, the deodorant pictogram was changed to a eyeglasses pictogram, and the cash register pictogram was changed to the chopsticks pictogram. The correct recognition rates for all pictograms were higher than 90%. For participants with cognitive impairments, the results indicated that the recognition rates for all of the pictograms (lowest recognition rate: 40%) were higher in the new version than in the old version (lowest recognition rate: 0%), and mild improvement was found for the items of restaurant server, sugar, and menu (from 0-20% to 40%). Discussion: The increased recognition rates suggest that cultural suitability of the CMT has improved for users in Taiwan.