身體在對抗結核病時需要免疫反應，然而，結核病患周邊血液單核細胞球的活化情形，目前仍不太清楚，這次研究目的在於探討結核病患單核球及T淋巴球的活化情況。此研究納入27名健康人及18名新診斷的結核病患；利用流式細胞儀測量單核球、CD4 T淋巴球、CD8T淋巴球的人類白血球DR抗原。研究發現，結核病患CD8 T淋巴球在周邊血液單核細胞球的比例低於對照組，結核病患血液循環CD8 T淋巴球的數目低於對照組；在結核病患中，人類白血球DR抗原陽性的單核球、CD4 T淋巴球，人類白血球DR抗原表現低於對照組。結論是，結核菌感染可能會影響單核球活化，也影響到CD4 T淋巴球、CD8 T淋巴球。

Immune response are necessary in the body’s defense against tuberculosis. However, the activation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in patients with tuberculosis are still unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the pattern of activated monocytes and T lymphocytes in patients with tuberculosis. Twenty-seven healthy controls and 18 patients with newly diagnosed tuberculosis were enrolled. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR expression in monocytes, CD4 T lymphocytes, and CD8 T lymphocytes was measured using flow cytofluorimetry. CD8 T lymphocyte percentage in PBMCs and circulatory HLA-DR+ CD8 T lymphocytes in patients with tuberculosis were lower than that in controls. HLA-DR expression in HLA-DR+ monocytes and CD4 T lymphocytes in patients with tuberculosis was lower than that in controls. In conclusions, Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection might influence the activation of monocytes as well as CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes.