心房顫動(Atrial fibrillation; AF) 是造成腦中風主要原因之一，而腦中風亦是導致全球殘障失能的主要原因，進而增加家庭及社會成本。由此可知，預防心房顫動是相當重要的。臨床上，口服抗凝血劑Warfarin 一直是治療心房顫動的基石，但口服抗凝血劑容易有出血風險、易受藥物及食物影響治療濃度，且需定期追蹤國際標準化比值(International normalized ratio, INR)，常造成患者的不便。近年來，雖然新型口服抗凝血劑興起，但腎衰竭患者並不適用，且抗凝血劑的性質仍不可避免內在出血的風險。因此，左心耳封堵術(Left atrial appendage closure; LAAC) 進而發展以替代Warfarin 治療出血風險高的心房顫動患者。本文主要介紹心房顫動醫療處置、風險及左心耳封堵術的應用，期望可幫助醫護人員照護此類病人的依據。

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the major causes of stroke, and the leading cause of serious disability in the global, which in turn increases family and social costs. This shows that prevention of atrial fibrillation is very important. Clinically, the oral anticoagulants Warfarin has been the cornerstone of atrial fibrillation, but oral anticoagulants is not benign and carries the risk of bleeding, drug-drug and drug-diet interaction, and require regular monitor of the international normalized ratio (INR) often causes inconvenience to the patient. In recent years, although novel oral anticoagulants have been newly developed. However, renal failure patients are not suitable, and the nature of anticoagulants is still inevitably risk of internal bleeding. Therefore, left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) has been developed to replace Warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation who have a high risk of bleeding. This article focuses on the medical treatment of atrial fibrillation, risk, and the application of left atrial appendage closure techniques, and hoped that this article provides knowledge related to LAAC which can help medical staff in taking care of atrial fibrillation.