西方女性主義論述針對「女人存在」的現象曾有過一番激烈討論，並強烈質疑生理性對性別氣質養成的決定優勢。本文認為，在強烈抨擊性的本質主義行列中，巴特勒與維蒂格各自提出基進且實用的批判觀點，但巴特勒卻忽視維蒂格對「女人」一詞的分析與批判，導致巴特勒將維蒂格的女同志論述視為本質論的再現。藉由交互閱讀巴特勒與維蒂格對女人與女同志的論述，本文主張維蒂格的女同志概念不但不是巴特勒所言的本質化約，甚至是具備酷兒政治潛能的實用概念。另外，本文也將引用傅柯針對同志運動的詮釋，探討酷兒在本脈絡中的意義，乃至於維蒂格所主張的女同志政治可以怎麼被實踐。

This paper starts from the feminist disputes on the idea of “woman’s existence” and examines two different theorizations of the being of woman: Judith Butler and Monique Wittig. While Butler argues that Wittig implicitly reproduces a sort of essentialism of the lesbian body in her novels and texts, the author of this paper makes a counter-argumentation that Butler not only misreads how Wittig theorizes the idea of the lesbian body, but also ignores how Wittig analyzes and deconstructs the concept of woman through a philosophical and historical lens. Furthermore, this paper suggests that Wittig’s lesbian may be read as a political positioning, and this allows the concept of the lesbian to be articulated with queer as a “positionality.” The author applies Michel Foucault’s politicization of gay movements and argues that, through the reading of queer as a political positionality vis-à-vis heterosexual norms and gay as, in Foucault’s words, a “historical opportunity,” Wittig’s lesbian corresponds to the queer subject and at the same time is productively useful in terms of contemporary queer politics in daily lives.