石綿(包括所有種類之石綿)自1977年被國際癌症研究機構(International Agency Research on Cancer, IARC)列為人類第一級致癌物，並且陸續有足夠的流行病學證據證實與惡性間皮細胞瘤、肺癌、喉癌及卵巢癌相關。台灣也在2008年正式將石綿所導致肺癌、喉癌、間皮細胞瘤（胸膜、腹膜、心包膜）等納入「增列勞工保險職業病種類表」，成為法定表列職業病。本文藉由一位造船工人罹患喉癌及惡性間皮細胞瘤之個案報告，探討並且回顧近十年來的相關文獻，協助臨床醫師對石綿導致喉癌及惡性間皮細胞瘤之評估有更深入的了解。

Asbestos (including all forms of asbestos) has been established as the Group 1 carcinogen to human by the International Agency Research on Cancer (IARC) in 1977. Abundant epidemiological evidence confirmed the association between asbestos and malignant mesothelioma, lung cancer, laryngeal cancer and ovarian cancer. In 2008, the Taiwan government officially claimed asbestos- related lung cancer, laryngeal cancer, and mesothelioma (involving pleura, peritoneum, and pericardium) as legally listed occupational diseases. In this article, we discussed a ship building worker who had been diagnosed with laryngeal cancer and malignant mesothelioma, and reviewed the relevant literature in the past decade to give clinicians a well understanding of laryngeal cancer and malignant mesothelioma caused by asbestos.