全世界的老年人口均快速成長，台灣已於2018 年邁入高齡社會，老年人口的增長速度比我們想像中來的快，老化伴隨而來的健康問題，如：認知功能障礙的人口增加，患者的照護可能會導致國家經濟、社會、家庭人力，與醫療資源和藥物費用支出的巨大負擔；從文獻回顧角度搜尋PubMed、Medline、Cochrane library、Google scholar 等資料庫，以關鍵字：認知功能障礙、身體適能、活動介入或運動處方、生活品質等，搜尋12 篇關於身體活動和認知功能、腦神經生理學，分子生物學相關的研究文獻；包含：病例對照研究，系統回顧分析，統合研究與隨機臨床對照試驗，探討身體活動介入與老年族群體適能好壞，對於認知症的流行病學、預防認知功能下降、改善認知功能、提升生活品質方面的助益，進一步提出體適能對增進大腦認知功能、生活品質的運動處方建議，了解哪些類型的運動介入，對輕度認知功能障礙、認知症患者提升生活品質有正面幫助；希望文章結果可作為國內健康促進計劃、提供未來認知功能障礙老年族群照顧及認知症防治之參考，建立台灣本土的理想體適能指引及運動處方。

Taiwan is an aged society since 2018 and elderly population growth is faster than we thought. Aging comes with health problems, especially dementia. People with dementia may cause country, family and society huge health cost and medication burden. The article was reviewed from database such as PubMed, Medline, Cochrane library, google scholar with key words: cognitive function impairment, physical performance, activity intervention, exercise prescription or quality of life. The goal is to look through relationship between exercise or physical activity and cognition. We search for brain neurophysiology, molecular biology scientific reports paper include case control study, meta-analysis, cohort study, randomize control trial to explore that exercise and down behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia, prevent cognitive function decline, and improved quality of life. The result can use as our country’s health promotion plan for caring cognition impairment elderly, and it make us more understood relationship between people whose physical fitness and brain function. To know which type and which intensity exercise intervention can improve physical performance, patient’s quality of life and ultimately make our native exercise prescription.