背景及目的：胰島素注射療法在糖尿病個人化的治療角色漸趨突顯，注射技巧及衛教知識相對重要，想探討病人胰島素使用的認知和行為。方法：以問卷調查進行橫斷性研究，收案新北市某醫院門診病人88 位。結果：(1) 不同衛教人員對認知分數有統計顯著差異（p=0.003）；(2) 在注射前洗手（p<0.001）、注射前消毒注射部位（p=0.028）、注射部位輪替（p=0.004），每次注射更替針頭（p<0.001）、針頭更換頻率（p<0.001）、針頭更換時間（p=0.009）及注射後停留時間（p=0.009）的項目，認知和行為有一致性；(3) 年齡、居住情形、教育程度、給藥時間會影響認知與行為的一致性。結論：(1) 充足的空間和時間下進行衛教 能提升病人的認知；(2) 較低年齡層、自己住、教育程度較高、使用胰島素時間 較短的人，認知和行為的一致性不顯著。

Introduction: Because there are increasing insulin therapies currently used in diabetes treatment, patients’ injection technique and knowledge are more important than before. Therefore, this study is conducted to investigate the relationship between patients’ education, level of cognition, and insulin usage in Taiwan. Method: A cross-sectional survey is conducted. A questionnaire regarding injection technique is answered by 88 diabetes patients from a hospital in New Taipei City. Results: (1) There is a statistical difference between patients’ education, provided by different health care professionals, and their level of cognition (p=0.003). That is, patients’ level of cognition is higher when education is provided by certified diabetes educators and professional in-patient registered nurses. (2) There is a positive correlation between levels of cognition and patients’ behaviors. Patient behavior includes washing hands before injection (p<0.001), sterilizing injection sites with alcohol before injection (p=0.028), rotating injection sites (p=0.004), changing a new needle before injection (p<0.001), frequency of changing needles (p<0.001), timing of needle removal (p=0.009), and dwell time after injection (p<0.001). (3) Other factors that affect the consistency between cognition and behavior include the age of patients, whether or not they are living alone, patients’ degree level, and the timing of insulin usage. Conclusion: If patients have enough time and space to receive patient education by diabetes educators and in-patient nurses, they show a higher cognition score. However, there seems to be no consistency between level of cognition and behavior in patients who are younger, live alone, are well-educated, and are newly prescribed insulin.