背景與目的：「國際健康功能與身心障礙分類系統」（International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health，簡稱ICF）強調活動與參與是健康情形和情境因素互動的結果，本先導研究之目的為：以ICF 架構提出動作發展遲緩幼兒的粗大動作功能狀況之相關因子並驗證其關聯性。方法：橫斷式研究，以方便取樣徵召130 個有6 ~ 24 個月臨界或確診動作發展遲緩幼兒的家庭，將兒童的身體功能與粗大動作活動與參與（靜態姿勢維持能力、基本移動能力及功能性移動能力）作為依變項，以健康情形為自變項，環境因素與身體功能作為中介變項，分別建構3 個中介模型，再採用多重中介模型驗證各個ICF 成分間的中介路徑。結果：模式指出健康情形（動作遲緩程度）可直接或間接經由身體功能（精熟動機、肌肉力量、肌肉張力、動作反應）中介因子預測粗大動作活動與參與，而家長知覺的需求滿足程度是健康情形與身體功能間唯一顯著的中介環境變項。結論：幼兒期的部分身體功能及環境因素是粗大動作功能狀況的中介變項，此模式可作為早期介入之決策參考，然因果關係有待進一步研究。

Background and Purpose: Children with motor delay would be detected earlier among various categories of disabilities, and the related factors of their gross motor (GM) activities and participation (A & P) are not well understood. Based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disabilities, and Health (ICF) framework, GM A & P are the results of interaction of health condition, body function, and contextual factors. This pilot study aimed to explore the mediation models of associated factors of GM A & P based on the ICF framework in children with definite or borderline motor delay. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a convenience sample of 130 families having children aged 6 – 24 months with definite or borderline motor delay was recruited. All children were examined with various measures. Three ICF-based hypothetical mediation models were formulated to investigate the multiple associated factors of body functions and three variables of GM A & P (stationary, locomotion, and functional mobility). The severity of motor delay (health condition) served as the independent variable, while the variables of environmental factors and body functions were treated as mediators. A multiple mediation model approach was used to test the mediating paths. Results: The derived ICF-based models indicated some direct or indirect pathways from the health condition to functioning. The severity of motor delay (health condition) could predict GM A & P directly and indirectly with body functions (mastery motivation, muscle power, muscle tone, movement reactions) as the mediators. Met needs perceived by parents (environmental factor) served as the only mediator between motor delay and mastery motivation (body functions). Conclusions: For children with motor delay, the interactions among components of ICF were supported by this pilot study. The derived ICF-based models have identified some body function variables and environmental factors as the mediators between severity of motor delay and GM A & P. The models provide empirical evidence to help clinical reasoning; however, cause-effect relationships between different ICF components require further study.