久站為工作中最常見的人因性危害，而工作長時間站立可能會引起健康問題，久站所致的健康風險除了肌肉骨骼問題，也可能引起下肢靜脈疾病。本研究以南部某醫院職業醫學科門診，疑似久站相關的下肢靜脈疾病兩個案例，以文獻回顧方式，探討工作因素中久站、個人特質與下肢靜脈疾病之相關性，以提供久站工作者的職場健康促進及職業災害預防的策略與方向。經文獻探討，久站確實亦為引發下肢靜脈疾病之重要風險因子之一，可能機轉包括久站增加下肢組織間的靜水壓力、提高下肢活性氧化物質濃度等，進而破壞靜脈血管內皮。於世代研究與橫斷面研究中，可發現工作中久站與下肢靜脈曲張發生有正向關聯性；而工作中久站與下肢靜脈回流不全之關聯性，於橫斷面研究中，發現靜脈回流不全者工作站立時間有明顯較長的趨勢，然目前探討久站對下肢靜脈疾病之影響中，針對慢性靜脈功能不全的相關研究不足，目前尚無一致結論。如同其他心血管疾病，下肢靜脈疾病成因複雜，然而，相較於年齡、性別、家族遺傳等不可改變因素，工作姿勢與站立時間為職場中所能控制之變因，於臨床或臨場服務中，若能評估勞工的下肢靜脈疾病之風險因子，篩選出高風險者，予以衛教與定期評估，並於職場進行相關保護措施，預期能將久站促發之下肢靜脈疾病風險降低。

Prolonged standing is the most common ergonomic hazard at work, and may cause health problems. Chronic venous disease is one of the health risks related to prolonged standing. In order to provide further strategies for workplace health promotion and prevention of occupational disease related to prolonged standing, two cases who developed chronic venous disease suspected to be associated with prolonged standing were analyzed with literature review in this study. According to the literature review, prolonged standing was one of the important risk factors for chronic venous diseases. The pathogenesis includes increasing the hydrostatic pressure in the tissues of the lower limbs, and increasing the concentration of active oxygen species. In cohort and cross-sectional studies, there was a positive correlation between the occurrence of varicose veins and work-related prolonged standing. On the other hand, there was insufficient study about the association between chronic venous insufficiency and prolonged standing . Female, aging and family history of chronic venous diseases were also strongly related to the occurrence of the diseases. Whether work-related prolonged standing was the main cause of chronic venous disease of lower limbs needs more relevant research to confirm. Compared to many unchangeable factors that lead to chronic venous diseases, working posture and standing time can be controlled in the workplace factors. We should carry out prevention action and protective measurements in the workplace since the risk of chronic venous diseases are aggravated by prolonged standing.