愛因斯坦的相對論為什麼沒有獲得諾貝爾獎？一個重要的原因是哲學家柏格森對相對論進行了哲學批判。1922年4月6日在法國哲學學會爆發了一場雖然時間不長但卻影響深遠的辯論，這就是著名哲學家柏格森和著名物理學家愛因斯坦之間關於時間本質的辯論。愛因斯坦的相對論提出了一系列革命性的時間概念，而柏格森哲學的一個核心概念也是時間。因此，愛因斯坦在法國哲學學會演講之後，作為聽眾的柏格森，在討論期間，對愛因斯坦的時間觀念發表了評論。隨後，愛因斯坦對柏格森的評論做了簡短回應。兩位巨人之間半個多小時的爭論，引發了學術界持續了幾十年的爭論。柏格森的批評，不僅影響了諾貝爾獎委員會，使得愛因斯坦的相對論未能獲得諾貝爾物理學獎，而且還影響了海德格、懷特海、薩特、以及後來科學大戰中的後現代主義人文學者；而愛因斯坦的思想則影響了羅素、卡爾納普、萊欣巴哈等分析哲學家和邏輯實證主義者以及後來科學大戰中的科學主義學者。這場爭論表面上是關於時間的本質的，但本質上是關於科學和哲學關係的。愛因斯坦及其支持者反對哲學介入科學話題，認為哲學應該放棄構建關於世界本質的理論，專注於對科學的概念或理論進行反思批判；而柏格森及其支持者堅持認為，科學對世界的研究是不完備的，哲學也可以研究科學研究的物件，獲得關於世界本質的知識。沿著愛因斯坦的路線，英國科學家霍金甚至說，對於宇宙的本質的思考，哲學已經無能為力（「哲學已死」）。然而，霍金自己提出的實在理論在哲學上又顯得非常稚嫩。因此，哲學還不能死。哲學可以是反思批判的思想，但也可以是關於世界本質思考的學問；對世界的本質的思考還離不開哲學。

Why Einstein’s relativity theory did not get the Nobel Physical Award? One reason is that Bergson, a famous philosopher, criticized it from philosophical point of view. In April 6 of 1922, a debate about the nature of time between Bergson and Einstein was broken out in France Society of Philosophy. Bergson believed that time is duration which is qualitative and cannot be measured like space. But Einstein believed that time is quantitative and can be measured by scientists. Two great man’s debate had lasted only 30 minutes or more, but it ignited great influence in the following century. Bergson’s criticizing to Einstein not only caused the Nobel prize of that year being not given to Einstein’s relativity theory, but also influenced philosophers like Heidegger, Whitehead, Sartre, and humanists of the late “Science War”. While Einstein’s ideas influenced Russell, Carnap, Reichenbach and scientists of the late “Science War”. The appearance of this debate is about time, but the essence is about the relationship between science and philosophy. Einstein and his supporters objected to the intervening of philosophy into science, while Bergson and his supporters believed that science is incomplete to understand the outside world and philosophy can also see the world as its subject and the philosophical knowledge is an important supplement to science. Following Einstein’s thought, British scientist Stephen Hawking said that philosophy cannot do anything to answer questions of the essence of time, or more general speaking, the essence of the universe because “philosophy is dead”. However, if we see Hawking’s resolution of the essence of reality, we can find that Hawking’s theory is too naïve. Thus, philosophy cannot be dead. Philosophy can be the style of reflection and criticizing the foundation of knowledge, but it can also be the direct thinking about the essence of the world.