明清之際「中國禮儀之爭」中耶穌會士為了調查儒家喪祭禮，將一份問卷發放中國多地，嚴謨等五位儒家天主徒展開十分深入的考辯/辨。文章將五份答卷置於歷史語境與儒家經學注疏傳統中，以嚴謨的《李師條問》為中心，通過揭櫫答卷人偏見之下的相互矛盾與自我矛盾，考察他們刻意掩飾了什麼、肯定了什麼。再以阿奎那的宗教行為論為框架，考量儒家禮儀被遮蔽的「宗教性」。

During the heated period of Chinese rites controversy in mid Qing dynasty, the Jesuits conducted questionnaires in several places in China to survey Chinese funeral and sacrifices. The article centers on Yan Mo’s “Li Shi Tiao Wen.” By comparing several answers’ opinions, analyzing their prejudice and research, furthermore, taking Aquinas’ Religious Acts as the frame, the article tries to display the religiosity of Confucian rites.