本研究主要是在探討中高齡者面對少子化與高齡化社會的晚年安養居住問題的選擇所抱持的意向，針對中高齡者的性別、年齡、教育程度、居住地區與每月可花用金額多寡是否影響中高齡對養生村之期望的差異性研究為本研究的目的。本研究針對養生村做了簡單的概述，並且針對顧客期望進行文獻理論的探究，並且根據Maslow需求層次理論(Maslow, 1943)設計成問卷。共有5個構念，分別為生理需求、安全需求、社交需求、尊重需求、自我實現需求等。研究對象是45歲以上台灣居民及美國華僑。研究者採用SPSS 26.0套裝軟體進行t檢定與單因子變異數分析，結果顯示：性別不同的中高齡者在安全需求、尊重需求、生理需求、自我實現需求四個因子的看法中，女性皆高於男性；而年齡不同的中高齡者在尊重需求、自我實現需求二個因子的看法中，年紀較輕者高於年長者；在教育程度方面，中高齡者在安全需求及生理需求因子中教育程度較高者需求高於教育程度較低者；不同每月可花用金額的中高齡者在安全需求、生理需求因子的看法也證實可花用金額越高者對於以上二種因素層面高於每月可花用金額較少者；而不同的居住地區的中高齡對養生村之期望並無顯著差異。根據以上的結論，顧客期望之生理需求、安全需求、尊重需求以及自我實現需求，影響中高齡對養生村之期望有顯著差異，但社會需求因子並無顯著差異。

This study assesses few personal factors that may shape individuals’ expectations and needs in their preferences for health village among middle-aged and older adults. Factors discussed include gender, age, education level, current residential area, and monthly budget. This study provides a brief overview of the health village, and explores the literature theory for customer expectations, and designs a questionnaire for expectation of living in health village. The questionnaire is based on the five levels of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs (Maslow, 1943): physiological needs, safety needs, love and belonging needs, esteem needs, and self-actualization needs. Research subjects include middle-aged and older Taiwanese (age 45 and above) living in Taiwan and in the United States. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) is utilized to perform t-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results indicate that females value more than males in physiological needs, safety needs, esteem, and self-actualization; middle-aged value more than elderly individuals in esteem and self-actualization; individuals with higher education value more than those of lesser education in physiological needs and safety needs; and those with higher monthly budget value more in physiological needs and safety needs. Current residential area is not an effective factor in determining preferences for any of the needs. All personal factors analyzed in this study do not reflect a preference towards certain social needs.