健康識能的提升可以幫助民眾瞭解醫療訊息，有效地運用健康照護資訊，增加自我照顧能力。然而，國內探討慢性腎臟病患者健康識能闕如。研究目的為發展並測試慢性腎臟病健康識能量表（kidney disease health literacy scale, KDHLS）之信效度。研究方法採橫斷式設計，於台灣南部某醫學中心收案，方便取樣招募200位慢性腎臟病患者參與研究，研究工具為健康識能中文簡式量表（HL-SF12），以及運用腎臟保健與保腎飲食兩大概念，自擬慢性腎臟病健康識能量表。資料分析為描述性統計、項目分析、信度分析、探索性因素分析與效標關聯效度。研究結果顯示慢性腎臟病健康識能量表共20題，總分為80分，經3位專家評估內容效度指標為.97，平均總分數為62.28分（SD=11.53），各題平均分數為2.17至3.74分，信度採Cronbach's alpha為.91，以健康識能中文簡式量表為效標，效標關聯效度採皮爾森相關為.50（p=.01），探索性因素分析兩個因素的解釋總變異量為52.94％。慢性腎臟病健康識能量表能測量腎臟病患對於腎臟保健以及保腎飲食之健康識能。

Improving health literacy may help people understand medical information, and effectively use health care information, thus improving self-care ability. However, there was seldom discussion on health literacy among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Taiwan. The purpose of this study was to develop and test the reliability and validity of a health literacy scale for CKD. A cross-sectional design was used. A total of 200 patients were recruited from a CKD center with a convenience sampling technique at a medical center in Southern Taiwan. Instruments involved Short-Form Health Literacy Questionnaire (HL-SF12) and Kidney Health Literacy Scale (KDHLS). KDHLS measures two dimensions of kidney function protection and health eating for kidney disease. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, item analysis, reliability test, exploratory factor analysis, and criterion validity test. KDHLS consisted of 20 items with a total score of 80 points. The content validity index evaluated by three experts was .97. Cronbach's alpha of KDHLS equaled to .91. The average score of KDHLS was 62.28 points (SD = 11.53). The average score for each item ranged 2.17 to 3.74 points. HL-SF12 was applied to test the criterion validity of KDHLS. Exploratory factor analysis revealed that the total variance accounted for 52.94%. The criterion validity was evaluated using Pearson’s correlation, r = .50 (p = .01). KDHLS measures the health literacy of kidney function protection and health eating for kidney disease in CKD patients.