篇名 | 從「共舞」到「舞台展演」:記者、消息來源與公關人員的三方關係 |
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卷期 | 19 |
並列篇名 | Relationship among Journalists, Sources and PR Professionals |
作者 | 張文強 |
頁次 | 040-076 |
關鍵字 | 新聞產製 、 新聞工作 、 記者 、 消息來源 、 新聞專業 、 journalist 、 reporter 、 newssource 、 journalism 、 professionalism |
出刊日期 | 202007 |
本研究發現,在允許情境差異下,當下許多新聞產製工作需要從記者、消息來源與公關人員三方關係進行理解,相較於共舞,「舞台展演」是更適合的比喻。舞台上,公關人員扮演中介角色,一方面讓消息來源平日得以選擇隱身,或在公關安排下出現。另一方面則透過提供記者所需的各項服務,設法讓記者願意在舞台上配合演出。在實務場域,「舞台展演」有助三方行動者各取所需,完成新聞產製工作,但「舞台展演」也對傳統記者角色產生負面影響,並對應一種「設計好的透明度」,深層顛覆新聞在社會中的意義。
In traditional journalism paradigm, the journalist - source relationship is the key proposition to study news production. However, amid Taiwan's changing media environment in recent years, the institutionalization of the public relations has challenged this proposition. This research argues that news production should be analyzed by the trilateral relationship between journalists, sources and publicists. We propose the new “performance on stage” approach. On stage of news production, Publicists play an intermediate role between journalists and sources. On one hand, publicists allow the sources to stand backstage or appear onstage only in careful arrangement; the sources hence do not face the press directly. On the other hand, publicists attempt to have journalist willing to perform cooperatively onstage by providing all the services they need, in order to lower the possibility of negative reports on the sources. In practice, “performance on stage” meets the demand of the three parties and facilities news production. In terms of traditional journalism paradigm, nevertheless, performance on stage” undermines the professional role of journalists and leads to a journalistic crisis by offering the “transparency by arrangement”.