杜亞泉是中國近現代思想史上一位被長期塵封的學者，他不但是一位普及科學、呼籲民主、開發民智、變革社會的“百科全書”式的啟蒙者，同時又是一位尊重自然生命、宣導身心和諧、統整傳統與現代、致力平衡接續發展的卓越思想家。在激進主義潮流的遮蔽下，杜亞泉長期以來被國人遺忘，直到上世紀末纔被“發掘出土”，並受到學界重視。本文試圖立足於啟蒙理性的複雜性、啟蒙人格的多面性，並在與西方啟蒙思想家比較研究的基礎上，悉心探究被衆多論者忽視的杜亞泉啟蒙理性中的生態意識，進而追溯全球生態災難的起因與衍變，探索生態時代東西方文化交流的新維度、新走向，為地球人類樹立生態型世界觀、走出生態困境、創建生態文明提供一點參考意見。

Du Yaquan was a scholar in the history of modern Chinese thought, who has long been neglected and not been rediscovered until recently. He was not only an encyclopedic enlightenment thinker who called for democracy, the development of people’s intelligence, and societal change, but was also an outstanding thinker who respected natural life, advocated for physical and mental harmony, integrated tradition and modernity, and was devoted to balanced and sustainable development. Overshadowed by radical trends, Du has long been forgotten by the Chinese people and was not discovered until the end of the last century. History has proved that Du was an independent thinker, whose thoughts continued to attract attention in the new ecological age even after his works had become “dormant” for a hundred years. This article, predicated on the complexity of Enlightenment rationality and the many facets of Enlightenment personality, as well as on the exploration of a comparative study of Du and Western Enlightenment thinkers, examines the much-neglected ecological consciousness of Du’s Enlightenment rationality. It further traces the causes and development of global eco-disasters to examine the new dimensions, directions and visions of East-West Cultural exchanges in the ecological era. It aims to provide some food for thought regarding the establishment of ecological worldview for the humanities to get out of the ecological predicament and to create a future ecocivilization.