目的：台灣船員的健康問題，在國內目前仍是未獲重視的問題。研究指出，商船上若發生自然死亡事件，心血管疾病就佔了55%~70%的原因。而規律且充足的身體活動已被證實可以降低心血管疾病的發生率及死亡率。本研究是探討船員的運動行為和心血管疾病風險因子之間的關係。研究結合問卷與體檢時的客觀數值，探討海上或陸上運動行為跟身體質量指數（Body Mass Index, BMI）、血脂肪、10年心血管風險(Framingham Risk Score)的關聯性如何、不同的職位的船員是否會有不同的健康特性。方法：研究方法包括結構式問卷、血液生化數值(血脂肪、糖化血色素)；利用描述型統計分析船員型態、運動行為、血脂肪情形；利用無母數統計分析及線性回歸分析探討相關因子，分析運動行為和船員心血管疾病風險因子間及10年心血管風險的關係。結果： 船員在海上的身體活動量明顯高於在陸上的身體活動量(2812MET-mins/wk vs.1920 MET-mins/wk, Wilcoxon test p = 0.0001)，而這樣的差異主要來自乙級船員比甲級船員在海上有較高的身體活動量。船員的三酸甘油酯和海上坐式生活的時間達顯著正相關(p<0.0001)，船員BMI則和在海上及陸上坐式生活的時間及海上身體活動量都有顯著相關(p<0.05)。10年心血管風險(Framingham Risk Score)和身體活動量或每日坐式生活時間並無顯著相關。船員高血壓盛行率在41~50歲為42.1%，51~60歲為43.6%，整體為33.8%，糖尿病盛行率在41~50歲為15.8%，51~60歲為17.9%，整體為12.7%，顯示40歲以上船員於高血壓及糖尿病的盛行率皆較一般民眾為高。船上有運動設備者其船員在海上有運動習慣比例顯著較無運動設備者高。結論：船員的三酸甘油酯和BMI都與海上坐式生活(sedentary behavior)的時間則有顯著正相關，但其10年心血管風險(Framingham Risk Score)和身體活動量或每日坐式生活時間則無顯著相關。商船船員的身體活動量較一般民眾高，在海上的身體活動量明顯高於陸上，乙級船員的海上身體活動量則顯著高於甲級船員。船上提供運動設備應有助於船員養成運動習慣。

Background: In the 1980s and 1990s, deaths due to cardiovascular disease(CVD) accounted for 55% to 70% of all natural causes of death among seafarers on British and Danish merchant ships. Many studies also indicate a relationship between physical activity and CVD. Physical activity is a powerful preventive "medicine" for the maintenance of good health and the prevention of CVD. However, research which has empirically documented the link between Taiwan seafarers’ exercise behavior and coronary risk is scant. In this study, the association among exercise behavior, the Framingham 10-year cardiovascular disease risk score (Framingham Risk Score), lipid profiles, job-relative factors（rank, workplace﹚were assessed. Methods: The study employed a cross-sectional design on the health characteristics of seafarers. From Jan. 2016 to Oct. 2016, 142 male merchant seafarers aged 30-60 years were recruited from a health evaluation center at the Zuoying branch of Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital. Their exercise behavior were assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) short form. In addition, lipid profiles, age, diabetes status, and smoking status were also measured. We investigated the influence of exercise behavior on coronary risk factors and Framingham Risk Score. Results: The amount of physical activity(from IPAQ) of seafarers at sea was significantly higher than that on land(2812MET-mins/wk vs. 1920 MET-mins/wk, Wilcoxon test p = 0.0001). This difference was mainly due to the higher level of physical activity of non-officers than officers at sea. Blood triglyceride leve was significantly associated with IPAQ-reported sitting time at sea (p<0.0001). Searfarers’ BMI(body mass index) was positively related to IPAQ-reported sitting time, either at sea or on land, and the amount of physical activity at sea (p<0.05). The Framingham Risk Score was not significantly related to physical activity or IPAQ-reported sitting time. The prevalence of hypertension was 42.1% at the age of 41-50 years, 43.6% at the age of 51-60 years, and the overall rate is 33.8%. The prevalence of diabetes is 15.8% at the age of 41-50 years, 17.9% at the age of 51-60 years, and the overall rate is 12.7%. It shows that the prevalence of hypertension and diabetes among seafarers over the age of 40 were higher than that of the general public. The seafarers with sporting equipment on board had a significantly higher proportion of sports habits at sea than those without sports equipment. Conclusion: The seafarer's triglyceride levels and BMI were significantly positively related to IPAQ-reported sitting time at sea, but their Framingham Risk Score and physical activity or IPAQ-reported sitting time were no significant correlation. The amount of physical activity of the merchant seafarer was higher than that of the general public, and the amount of physical activity at sea was significantly higher than that on land. The amount of physical activity at sea of non-officers was significantly higher than that of officers. The seafarers’ evaluation showed how the sporting equipment on board is as a potential incentive to do more physical activities.