本研究目的旨在建構我國中小學校長專業素養，應用模糊德菲法、重要性與困難度分析（IDA）等方法，獲致研究發現如下：一、本研究建構中小學校長七個專業素養及21項指標。二、校長、教師及家長一致認為校長專業素養具高度重要性且難易度適中。三、校長、教師及家長一致認為校長應優先強化「實踐適性揚才，保障學習權益」與「善用行政領導，展現學校效能」之專業素養。四、校長、教師及家長一致認為校長應次優先強化「擘劃學校願景，領導校務發展」與「引領課程發展，精進教學成效」之專業素養。五、校長、教師及家長一致認為校長應積極維持「恪守倫理規範，樹立專業形象」之專業素養。六、校長、教師及家長一致認為校長應持續維持「優化學習情境，構築未來學校」與「經營公共關係，建立互信文化」之專業素養。

The purpose of this research is to construct the professional competences of principals of primary and secondary schools in Taiwan. Fuzzy Delphi, and Importance and difficulty analysis are mainly employed in the research. The findings are as follows: (1) the professional competences of principals of primary and secondary schools include seven professional competences and 21 indicators. (2) The principal, teachers and parents all agree that the professional competences are of high importance and of moderate difficulty. (3) Principals, teachers, and parents all agree that principals should give priority to strengthening the professional competences of “students’ adaptive and talent development” and “administrative leadership and school effectiveness”. (4) Principals, teachers, and parents all agree that principals should put emphases on the professional competences of “planning school vision, and leading school to success” and “leading curriculum development, and improving teaching effectiveness”. (5) Principals, teachers, and parents all agree that principals should actively pursue the professional competence of “ethical standards and professional image”. (6) Principals, teachers, and parents all agree that principals should maintain “optimizing the learning environment and building future schools” and “operating public relations and building a culture of mutual trust”.