如何理解儒家的自我觀，是一頗具爭議的課題。過往的研究或從關係、角色的角度理解儒家的「自我」，強調其與近代自主性個體觀念之間的差別；或將儒家的自我界定為先驗的主體，並由之肯定儒家自我的自主性與個體性。本文則嘗試從多維自我觀的視角重新解讀儒家的自我觀。以孟子哲學為例，孟子的自我觀念，其實包含反思性、身體性、關係性及宗教性，也即心性、形氣、人倫與天道四個維度。就現實的層面而言，四個維度之間存在一定的張力；但就應然的層面來看，四者共同構成一「整全的自我」。以之為基礎，我們可以對儒家倫理學的定位問題，略作回應。

Confucian self is a hot topic in the studies of Chinese philosophy; it is also a controversial issue. According to many scholars in the English-speaking world, Confucians understand the person as an aggregate of roles and relationships, which privileges the community over the individual. But some contemporary Chinese scholars interpret Confucian self as a transcendental and autonomous self. Different from the previous studies, this essay tries to develop a multi-dimensional concept of Confucian self through interpreting the Mencius. According to Mencius, there are four dimensions of the self: reflective dimension, bodily dimension, relational dimension, and spiritual dimension, which are the essential constitutive elements of a person. From this holistic view of Confucian self, we will review the debates about how to understand the characteristic of Confucian ethics.