背景：預防跌倒為高齡者重要健康議題，平衡失調更是重要的跌倒危險因子。目前歐美及台灣老年醫學會建議採多元介入模式預防高齡者跌倒。針對人口高齡化，中華民國衛生福利部推動長期照顧計畫，本研究以多元介入模式研發預防跌倒方案。研究目的：將研發中之方案應用於新竹縣竹北市某日間照顧中心之高齡者，以資料回溯追蹤介入後3個月跌倒次數，並分析方案是否能維持或提升參與者平衡功能與體適能。方法：共有18位55歲以上高齡者參與12週方案，每週2次，每次2小時，包括1小時運動計畫以及1小時衛教活動。回溯參與者介入前後跌倒次數之改變量以及介入前後上肢柔軟度、下肢柔軟度、下肢肌肉力量、動態平衡與敏捷性等體適能之改變量。以描述性統計呈現參與者基本資料。以Wilcoxon-Z檢定比較介入前後跌倒次數與四項體適能之改變量。結果：共14位參與者（男性8位、女性6位）具有介入前後體適能檢測資料。結果顯示介入前後跌倒次數改變量未達顯著差異(p=0.16)，但介入後3個月內無人跌倒。介入前後參與者之四項體適能改變量均無達顯著差異(p=0.09~0.72)，意即方案能維持高齡者體適能。結論：本研究顯示12週的多元介入方案可維持介入後3個月內無跌倒事件，並維持日間照顧機構高齡者四項體適能。

Background: Fall prevention is a critical health issue for older adults, and a main risk factor for falling is balance disorder. Multicomponent intervention (MCI) is considered effective for fall reduction in older adults. Corresponding to the Long-Term Care of the Ministry of Health and Welfare of the Republic of China, a MCI program for fall prevention was developed. Objective: This study examined the effectiveness of MCI on fall prevention and physical fitness in older adults at a day care center in Hsinchu County with a 3-month follow-up. Methods: This was a retrospective study. A total of 18 participants older than 55 years old attended two-hour sessions of MCI twice a week for 12 weeks. Each session included 1 hour of physical activity and 1 hour of health education. Descriptive statistics and Wilcoxon-Z tests were used to respectively describe the participants’ characteristics and the frequency of falls, as well as to analyze the changes in physical fitness, including flexibility of upper/lower limbs, muscle strength of lower limbs, dynamic balance, and agility. Results: Data of 14 participants (8 men, 6 women) were retrieved. No falls were reported at the 3-month follow-up though the effect was not significant (p=0.16). Physical fitness before and after the intervention was not significantly different (p=0.09–0.72). Conclusion: The 12-week MCI might be effective in preventing falls within 3 months and in maintaining physical fitness in older adults.