一九四六年，北森嘉藏出版《上帝之痛苦神學》，提出上帝論的核心是上帝之痛苦，掀開二十世紀新教神學上帝論的嶄新一頁。一九七二年，莫特曼寫出《被釘十字架的上帝》，同樣提出上帝藉由基督的十字架經受了痛苦。作為兩部試圖處理戰爭經驗的一流歐亞神學經典，它們在論及上帝之痛苦時的差異並未在後世神學史寫作中得到恰當闡發，本文將從三一論、終末論和上帝主權這三個角度來揭示兩者的實質性差異。

In 1946, Kazoh Kitamori published his Theology of the Pain of God, emphasizing that the pain of God caused by the death of his Son should form the core of the doctrine of God. With this, Kazoh opened a new chapter in twentieth-century works on the doctrine of God. In 1972 Jürgen Moltmann published The Crucified God, in which he similarly accentuated the pain God experienced through the cross of Jesus. In the later historiography of theology, however, the important differences between these two classics, each of which attempts to work through the Japanese and German war experiences by wrestling with the question of the pain of God, have not been adequately highlighted. The following essay will discuss the substantial difference between these two works from the perspective of the doctrine of the Trinity, eschatology and the sovereignty of God.