2016年菲中南海仲裁《判斷》對中華民國南沙聲索論據最大之影響，即在於外交部將「固有」論自南海諸島主權說帖中抽離。經本文研討後可知，南沙「固有」論出自1971年，此前，中華民國政府係以「隸臺」說作為聲索南沙之論據。中華民國政府於1947年研擬聲索南沙之論據時，並未著眼於「收復」或「歷史權利」，閣揆張群甚至提出「南沙隸臺」之說法。「南沙隸臺」之概念，既與蔣介石得援〈通令第一號〉a款接收「新南群島」之推論若合符節，亦揭露了中方關於「新南群島」原非固有領土之初見。在標榜「南沙隸臺」之情況下，中華民國政府對於是否應將南沙寫入《舊金山和約》及《臺北和約》兩份對日和約，其詮釋前後大不相同。隨著臺（中）菲南沙主權爭執加劇，「隸臺」說的困境益趨白熱化。在政治上需訴諸《臺北和約》，法律上須正視南沙與臺灣兩領土同質性之情況下，臺北高層乃修正其聲索南沙之論據，將原先因「隸臺」而得以「接收」之說法，調整成因「屬中」而應予「收復」之立場，據以契合臺灣收復論。臺北退出聯合國之際，菲方復向臺方提出「互不接近彼此駐軍島嶼」之提案，對此，外交部決以「反共邦諳」為重，雙方乃以密議方式中止長年之主權糾葛。惟菲國之「卡拉揚島群」，因與「新南群島」顯有相當重疊，其聲索自當於理不合。

This article finds that the argumentation that the South China Sea Islands are an inherent part of ROC territory, being removed form ROC’s position paper as a result of the South China Sea Arbitration Awards of 2016, was officially released by Taipei in 1971. Before that, ROC had claimed sovereignty over Shinnan Gunto/ Spratly Islands since 1947 based on the factual argumentation that Shinnan Gunto was governed by Formosa under the reign of Japan. However, this position of ROC led different attitudes towards whether the term of Spratly Islands should be specified in articles within the Treaty of Peace with Japan and the 1952 Treaty of Peace between ROC and Japan. When the Spratly Islands issues between Taipei and Manila became aggravated, Taipei felt pressure to uphold the 1952 Treaty of Peace while at the same time recognize both Spratly Islands and Formosa were individual territories renounced by Japan stipulated in the treaty. Therefore, Taipei decided to renew its diplomatic position on taking over Shinnan Gunto by putting aside the argumentation based on the fact that Shinnan Gunto belongs to Formosa and emphasizing the idea of “reclaiming the lost territory” in explaining ROC’s occupation of Spratly Islands. Though Taipei accepted Manila’s suggestion to guarantee their respective rights to occupy islands of Spratly secretly in terms of the anti-communist consensus in 1971, it should be pointed out the fact that the Kalayaan Islands and Shinnan Gunto overlapped, leaving no room for Manila to regard KI as res nullius and proclaim the claim to the archipelago.