此文旨在探討皮錫瑞以守舊作為經學特質之說的內涵，並分析其與皮氏維新改制主張的關連。此文透過文獻歸納分析，以皮氏晚年重要著作《經學歷史》為主要考察內容，並論及《經學通論》及早期相關著作。研究結果得出皮錫瑞之所以提出經學守舊之說，目的在建立探明西漢今文經學的策略。西漢今文經學是皮錫瑞認知中最接近孔子本義的經說，並可作為孔子改制思想的理論基礎。他認為在清末之世欲再探明漢學必須先擺脫宋學空談義理的取向，再承接唐代義疏之學中鄭玄傳注系統；沿鄭學而上，辨析其中今古文說法，求得西漢十四博士今文經學之說。透過這兩階段的探求方式，具體指出復興西漢今文經學的途徑。藉由此文對皮氏經學守舊理論的分析，可更深入理解皮錫瑞撰寫《經學歷史》的目的及其與維新思想的關係，並對所謂的經學守舊本質有另一層面的認識。

This article mainly explores the content of Pi Xi-Rui’s ideology about taking conservatism as the attributes of Chinese Classics, which is also analyzed for its relationship with Pi’s statement on modernization and reformation. Through literature survey and analysis, this article investigates Pi’s books written in his late years named “The History of Chinese Classics,” “The General Theory of Chinese Classics,” and other related books in his early times. The research result shows that the reason why Pi proposed the ideology of conservatism of Chinese Classics was established in clarifying the strategies of Confucian Classics in Western Han Dynasty. The Confucian Classics in Western Han Dynasty was considered by Pi the ideology closest to the original ideas of Confucius, and can be the theoretical basis of Confucius’ idea of reformation. Pi thought that for scholars in the late Qing Dynasty, to understand the Han Dynasty’s Classics, they must first get rid of the empty talk of thought from the Song Dynasty and thus study Zheng Xuan’s commentaries regarding the study of Yishu in the Tang Dynasty. By studying Zheng Xuan’s ideology and analyzing the statement towards contemporary and ancient Chinese, the understanding of Confucian Classics in Western Han Dynasty could be retraced. Through the two-step exploration, the path of reviving the contemporary Classics in Western Han Dynasty was identified. Through the analysis of Pi’s conservatism, we can deeply understand the relationship between the purpose of Pi’s writing on “The History of Chinese Classics” and his thought of modernization, from which we can also have a more objective understanding of the nature of conservatism in Chinese Classics.