漢語人稱代詞的使用，向來是研究漢語語法的學者所關注的議題。本文探討曹丕、曹植詩中的人稱代詞，主要著重於由抒情作品的結構論其文學性的使用，因此有異於語法學的思考路徑，性質自是不同。現存曹丕、曹植詩大約有一半作品中都有人稱代詞，而且有若干首之人稱代詞又是不僅出現一次，此種現象固然可以其作品均屬樂府詩或古詩，受民歌或口語的影響來加以解釋，但是他們有關人稱代詞的使用，並非限於因襲，更有變創的一面，它會牽涉到作者的構思和表意、作品結構的藝術性，以及讀者對作品的解釋或評價。本文有鑒於此，選擇其人稱代詞較具獨特性使用的詩篇加以討論，並從二人作品中尋找可比之處，較論其詩篇異同，相信可促進有關曹丕、曹植兄弟在創作上的關係之多方面的理解。

The usage of the Chinese personal pronoun has always been an important issue that has received considerable attention from scholars in the field of the Chinese grammar. This essay explores personal pronouns in poems written by Cao Pi and Cao Zhi and discusses their usage primarily by examining the structure of their poems, an approach which from traditional grammatical analysis. Personal pronouns appear in over half of Cao Pi’s and Cao Zhi’s extant poems. Several poems use more than one personal pronoun. One reason for this may lie in the face that their poems belong mainly to either yuefu or the ancient style of poetry and they were influenced by folk songs and the vernacular. Actually, the two poets didn’t only mimic former styles, they also created new stylistic features that relate to the thought and expression of themselves as authors, the artistic features in the structure of the poems, and readers’ explanation and evaluation of the poems. This essay discusses several poems in which specific personal pronouns were used and focuses on their usage. Moreover, it seeks to identify the similarities and differences between the two brothers’ poems. It is hoped that this essay will contribute to our understanding of the relationship between the two brothers and their poetry.