目的：泥水業屬於勞力密集工作的行業，也是職業性肌肉骨骼傷病的高危險群。本研究目的為探討南部泥水業男女勞工的肌肉骨骼傷病盛行率和危險因子。
方法：本研究採橫斷式研究設計。研究對象為於2018、2019年參加南部泥水業職業工會職業安全健康講座，年滿20歲、識字且可使用國台語溝通者的會員。以自填式不記名結構性問卷收集資料。資料以描述性統計、卡方檢定比較男女各類別變項的差異，並進行邏輯回歸分析探討男女勞工肌肉骨骼傷病的危險因子。
結果：本研究經邀請後共282名參與研究(參與率69.8%），和回收完整率100%。男性206人(73%)平均年齡約47歲，女性76人(27%)平均年齡約50歲，男女大多數為高中/職(含)以下教育程度、已婚和非管理階層。男女勞工於婚姻狀態、BMI、抽菸、喝酒、嚼檳榔及平均月薪有顯著差異。男女勞工肌肉骨骼傷病盛行率分別為25.2%及23.7%。男性勞工其年齡高於50歲(p = .001)和罹患慢性病(p = .011）是肌肉骨骼傷病的主要危險因子，而女性勞工肌肉骨骼傷病的主要危險因子則為罹患慢性病(p < .001）。
結論：本研究結果顯示，南部泥水業男女勞工肌肉骨骼傷病盛行率超過2成，而罹患慢性病是共同的主要危險因子。建議未來仍應實施預防肌肉骨骼傷病相對應的職場健康促進活動，尤其對患有慢性病的勞工加強健康管理，以降低其肌肉骨骼傷病的發生和對健康的影響。

Objective: Cement industry is a labor-intensive job with a high risk of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). This objective of this study was to explore the prevalence and risk factors of MSDs among male and female cement workers in Southern Taiwan.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study design. We recruited cement workers with 20 or above years old, speaking Mandarin or Taiwanese in two seminars in 2018 and 2019. A self-administered anonymous structured questionnaire was used to collect information. We used descriptive statistics and chi-square test to compare differences of variables between male and female. Logistic regression was used to explore the risk factors of MSDs.
Results: A total of 282 participants were invited and completed the questionnaire. There were 206 males (73%) and 76 females (27%) with the average age about 50 years old. Most of participants had a junior high school diploma, married, and were non-manager. Marital status, BMI, smoking, drinking, chewing betel nuts, and average monthly salary were significant differences among male and female workers. The prevalence of MSDs among male and female workers was 25.2% and 23.7%, respectively. Aged over 50 (p = .001) and chronic diseases (p = .011) were the risk factors of MSDs for male workers, and chronic diseases (p <. 001) was the risk factors for female workers.
Conclusion: The prevalence of MSDs among male and female cement workers exceeds 20%, and chronic diseases was the common major risk factor. The health promotion programs about prevention of MSDs in cement workplace should be implemented in future. Furthermore, workers with chronic diseases should strengthen health management to reduce MSDs and adverse effect on health.