禪修，作為重要的傳統佛教修行方法，如今已經不侷限在佛教寺院，單純地在被定義為一種出家僧人追求明心見性的覺悟方法；相反的，在當代西方世界，禪修開始以更多元的方式被實踐，並與許多科學研究產生新的連結。透過現代性的詮釋，禪修被重新建構為一種適應現代人身心需求的自我技藝，有助於幫助現代人面對日常生活中的各種心靈困境。針對此一禪修現代意涵的轉變，本論文試圖從文化轉譯的角度，透過掌握各類型禪修型態在當代西方世界發展過程，思索禪修如何在西方社會中被建構為現代人對自我認同的反身性實踐。尤其當禪修被落實到日常生活領域時，乃提供了生活導引的反身性實踐功能，個體透過禪修而進行的自我技藝，將協助個體產生整全性的自我認同來面對日常生活。本論文認為，這種源於東方佛教傳統的禪修自我技藝，乃具有西方倫理學所重視的關懷自身特徵，為西方現代性下的自我認同，提供了反身性實踐的可能出路。

Meditation serves as an important cultivation method of traditional Buddhism but today is no longer confined to Buddhist monasteries. Traditionally, it is simply defined as a method of awakening in the pursuit of the luminous mind of seeing one’s Buddha nature (minngxin jianxing 明心見 性), yet, on the contrary, in the modern western world, meditation has begun to be practiced in even more diversified ways and is linked to a great deal of newly emergent scientific research. Through modern expositions, meditation is reconceived as a technology of the self, suited to the modern needs of the human body and mind, which helps modern people face different kinds of mental difficulties in everyday life. In light of this modern transformation of the meaning of meditation, this paper, from the perspective of cultural translation and through an understanding of the developmental course of various types and forms of meditation in the contemporary western world, considers deeply how meditation has been conceived as a reflexive practice of selfidentification for modern people in western society. Especially when meditation is implemented in the realm of everyday life, it provides the function of life-guidance of reflexive practice. An individual, by undertaking meditation, a technology of the self, will help themselves produce a new integral self-identity to face everyday life. This paper argues that this kind of meditation, a technology of the self, which originates in eastern Buddhist traditions, has characteristics of self-care that are emphasized in western ethics. For self-identity in western modernity, meditation offers a potential outlet for reflexive practice.