天主教會於東亞的傳教史，是亞洲傳教史中相當特殊的篇章。其中，關於中國、日本等傳教史之梳理，以及由此展開的相關議題，一直是近來教會傳教史、歐亞交流史與傳教士漢學等研究高度關注之焦點。天主教會於臺灣的傳教雖然與中國、日本等傳教史相關，卻也凸顯了這片土地在當時國際交流中的特殊地理位置與意涵。天主教會在臺灣的傳教主要有兩個時期，除在相關研究部分有待更多學者投入外，目前也較少關注到道明會傳教士與當時的原住民之關係。本文以此為關切點，並以三個部分進行陳述，包括：臺灣天主教的肇始，主要簡要梳理天主教道明會玫瑰會省與臺灣天主教會的建立；第二部分則關注當時之不同觀點展示與其折射波動性，希望在梳理1861-1895年間，文獻中關於傳教士與原住民的記載。關於此一方面的記載，主要多為傳教士的報告書信內容，相關討論較少、處理起來亦較具困難度。因此，本文將針對以前述所梳理內容為主進行分析論述；第三部分「開創中的適應反思」則在前兩個部分的討論架構上，省視當時的傳教策略，並藉以反思。

The missionary history of the Catholic Church in East Asia has a significant meaning in the missionary history of Asia. Among them, the arrangement of the missionary history of China and Japan, as well as the related issues, has been the focus of recent studies on the history of missionary, the Eurasian exchanges and missionary Sinology. Although the Catholic Church’s missionary work in Taiwan is related to the missionary history of China and Japan, it also highlights the special geographical location and meaning of this island in international exchanges at that time. There are two periods of the Catholic Church’s missionary work in Taiwan. In addition to more scholars’ input in relevant research, it also paid less attention to the relationship between the missionaries of the Dominican Order and the Taiwanese indigenous peoples at that time. This paper takes this as a concern and makes a statement in three parts, including: the beginning of Catholicism in Taiwan, mainly briefly arranging the establishment of Dominicans of the Province of Our Lady of the Most Holy Rosary and the Catholic Church in Taiwan; The second part focuses on the different views at that time, displays and refracts the volatility, and hopes to sort out the records of missionaries and Taiwanese indigenous peoples in the document from 1861 to 1895. The records on this aspect are mainly the contents of missionaries’ reports and letters, with less relevant discussion and more difficulty in handling. Therefore, this paper will mainly analyze and discuss the previous arranging contents; The third part “adjustment and reflection in creation” examines the missionary strategies at that time and reflects on the discussion framework of the first two parts.